IDEAS home Printed from https://ideas.repec.org/a/eee/appene/v231y2018icp926-936.html
   My bibliography  Save this article

A control strategy for improved efficiency in direct-coupled photovoltaic systems through load management

Author

Listed:
  • Azzolini, Joseph A.
  • Tao, Meng

Abstract

Nearly all photovoltaic (PV) systems involve power management and/or conversion devices. Each of these devices introduces a power loss and has an associated monetary cost. In this paper, a direct-coupled load-managing PV system is proposed that promises both a lower cost and a higher efficiency than conventional systems. Against the prevailing wisdom that the PV power must be managed, the proposed system varies the power demand of the loads by controlling the number of loads connected to the PV array to extract the maximum available power throughout a day without a conventional maximum power point tracker. This system can also regulate its operating voltage to less than ±3% of its target voltage without a DC/DC converter. The proposed control strategy can be applied to many direct-coupled PV systems for improved efficiency. A simulation program was developed for the load-managing system that can simulate its performance with a PV array of any size and any number of loads. The theoretical system efficiency was found to increase with the number of loads being managed and reaches above 99% for a direct-coupled system with just eight ohmic loads. Experimentally, a prototype system with equal and unequal ohmic loads was demonstrated in an outdoor environment that responds to changes in solar irradiance. The control strategy also allows direct-coupled PV systems to be backed up by a secondary power source, e.g. the electric grid, to eliminate their intermittency for applications such as electric vehicle charging. The cost of the control electronics for the load-managing system is less than 1% of the commercial-scale PV system cost. Several challenges in implementing and optimizing the proposed system are discussed.

Suggested Citation

  • Azzolini, Joseph A. & Tao, Meng, 2018. "A control strategy for improved efficiency in direct-coupled photovoltaic systems through load management," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 231(C), pages 926-936.
    • Handle: RePEc:eee:appene:v:231:y:2018:i:c:p:926-936
    DOI: 10.1016/j.apenergy.2018.09.198
    as

    Download full text from publisher

    File URL: http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0306261918315162
    Download Restriction: Full text for ScienceDirect subscribers only
    File URL: https://libkey.io/10.1016/j.apenergy.2018.09.198?utm_source=ideas
    LibKey link: if access is restricted and if your library uses this service, LibKey will redirect you to where you can use your library subscription to access this item
    ---><---

    As the access to this document is restricted, you may want to search for a different version of it.

    References listed on IDEAS

    as
    1. Chandel, S.S. & Naik, M. Nagaraju & Chandel, Rahul, 2017. "Review of performance studies of direct coupled photovoltaic water pumping systems and case study," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 76(C), pages 163-175.
    2. Wang, Yanqiu & Ji, Jie & Sun, Wei & Yuan, Weiqi & Cai, Jingyong & Guo, Chao & He, Wei, 2016. "Experiment and simulation study on the optimization of the PV direct-coupled solar water heating system," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 100(C), pages 154-166.
    3. Tiwari, Arunendra K. & Kalamkar, Vilas R., 2016. "Performance investigations of solar water pumping system using helical pump under the outdoor condition of Nagpur, India," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 97(C), pages 737-745.
    4. Bhatti, Abdul Rauf & Salam, Zainal & Aziz, Mohd Junaidi Bin Abdul & Yee, Kong Pui & Ashique, Ratil H., 2016. "Electric vehicles charging using photovoltaic: Status and technological review," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 54(C), pages 34-47.
    Full references (including those not matched with items on IDEAS)

    Citations

    Citations are extracted by the CitEc Project, subscribe to its RSS feed for this item.
    as


    Cited by:

    1. Xu, Jiuping & Liu, Tingting, 2020. "Technological paradigm-based approaches towards challenges and policy shifts for sustainable wind energy development," Energy Policy, Elsevier, vol. 142(C).
    2. Zhang, Chaoyu & Zhang, Chengming & Li, Liyi & Guo, Qingbo, 2021. "Parameter analysis of power system for solar-powered unmanned aerial vehicle," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 295(C).
    3. Talaat, M. & Hatata, A.Y. & Alsayyari, Abdulaziz S. & Alblawi, Adel, 2020. "A smart load management system based on the grasshopper optimization algorithm using the under-frequency load shedding approach," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 190(C).

    Most related items

    These are the items that most often cite the same works as this one and are cited by the same works as this one.
    1. Mohammed Wazed, Saeed & Hughes, Ben Richard & O’Connor, Dominic & Kaiser Calautit, John, 2018. "A review of sustainable solar irrigation systems for Sub-Saharan Africa," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 81(P1), pages 1206-1225.
    2. Tiwari, Arunendra K. & Kalamkar, Vilas R., 2018. "Effects of total head and solar radiation on the performance of solar water pumping system," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 118(C), pages 919-927.
    3. Yaichi, Mohammed & Fellah, Mohammed-Karim & Tayebi, Azzedinne & Boutadara, Abdelkader, 2019. "A fast and simplified method using non-linear translation of operating points for PV modules energy output and daily pumped water to predict the performance of a stand-alone photovoltaic pumping syste," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 133(C), pages 248-260.
    4. Ghotge, Rishabh & van Wijk, Ad & Lukszo, Zofia, 2021. "Off-grid solar charging of electric vehicles at long-term parking locations," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 227(C).
    5. Abderrazek Saoudi & Saber Krim & Mohamed Faouzi Mimouni, 2021. "Enhanced Intelligent Closed Loop Direct Torque and Flux Control of Induction Motor for Standalone Photovoltaic Water Pumping System," Energies, MDPI, vol. 14(24), pages 1-21, December.
    6. Asaad Mohammad & Ramon Zamora & Tek Tjing Lie, 2020. "Integration of Electric Vehicles in the Distribution Network: A Review of PV Based Electric Vehicle Modelling," Energies, MDPI, vol. 13(17), pages 1-20, September.
    7. Yin, Rumeng & He, Jiang, 2023. "Design of a photovoltaic electric bike battery-sharing system in public transit stations," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 332(C).
    8. Corneliu Marinescu, 2021. "Design Consideration Regarding a Residential Renewable-Based Microgrid with EV Charging Station Capabilities," Energies, MDPI, vol. 14(16), pages 1-13, August.
    9. Mehrdad Tarafdar-Hagh & Kamran Taghizad-Tavana & Mohsen Ghanbari-Ghalehjoughi & Sayyad Nojavan & Parisa Jafari & Amin Mohammadpour Shotorbani, 2023. "Optimizing Electric Vehicle Operations for a Smart Environment: A Comprehensive Review," Energies, MDPI, vol. 16(11), pages 1-21, May.
    10. Ridha, Hussein Mohammed & Gomes, Chandima & Hizam, Hashim & Ahmadipour, Masoud & Heidari, Ali Asghar & Chen, Huiling, 2021. "Multi-objective optimization and multi-criteria decision-making methods for optimal design of standalone photovoltaic system: A comprehensive review," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 135(C).
    11. Anamarija Falkoni & Antun Pfeifer & Goran Krajačić, 2020. "Vehicle-to-Grid in Standard and Fast Electric Vehicle Charging: Comparison of Renewable Energy Source Utilization and Charging Costs," Energies, MDPI, vol. 13(6), pages 1-22, March.
    12. Ashique, Ratil H. & Salam, Zainal & Bin Abdul Aziz, Mohd Junaidi & Bhatti, Abdul Rauf, 2017. "Integrated photovoltaic-grid dc fast charging system for electric vehicle: A review of the architecture and control," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 69(C), pages 1243-1257.
    13. Mahesh Vinayak Hadole & Kamlesh Narayan Tiwari & Prabodh Bajpai, 2021. "Energy generation and flow rate prediction of photovoltaic water pumping system for irrigation," Environment, Development and Sustainability: A Multidisciplinary Approach to the Theory and Practice of Sustainable Development, Springer, vol. 23(5), pages 6722-6733, May.
    14. Muratori, Matteo & Elgqvist, Emma & Cutler, Dylan & Eichman, Joshua & Salisbury, Shawn & Fuller, Zachary & Smart, John, 2019. "Technology solutions to mitigate electricity cost for electric vehicle DC fast charging," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 242(C), pages 415-423.
    15. Eltoumi, Fouad M. & Becherif, Mohamed & Djerdir, Abdesslem & Ramadan, Haitham.S., 2021. "The key issues of electric vehicle charging via hybrid power sources: Techno-economic viability, analysis, and recommendations," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 138(C).
    16. Hu, Mingke & Zhao, Bin & Li, Jing & Wang, Yunyun & Pei, Gang, 2017. "Preliminary thermal analysis of a combined photovoltaic–photothermic–nocturnal radiative cooling system," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 137(C), pages 419-430.
    17. Benedetto Aluisio & Maria Dicorato & Imma Ferrini & Giuseppe Forte & Roberto Sbrizzai & Michele Trovato, 2019. "Optimal Sizing Procedure for Electric Vehicle Supply Infrastructure Based on DC Microgrid with Station Commitment," Energies, MDPI, vol. 12(10), pages 1-19, May.
    18. Zhou, Yuekuan & Zheng, Siqian & Zhang, Guoqiang, 2019. "Study on the energy performance enhancement of a new PCMs integrated hybrid system with the active cooling and hybrid ventilations," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 179(C), pages 111-128.
    19. Florentina Magda Enescu & Fernando Georgel Birleanu & Maria Simona Raboaca & Mircea Raceanu & Nicu Bizon & Phatiphat Thounthong, 2023. "Electric Vehicle Charging Station Based on Photovoltaic Energy with or without the Support of a Fuel Cell–Electrolyzer Unit," Energies, MDPI, vol. 16(2), pages 1-19, January.
    20. Hu, Mingke & Zhao, Bin & Suhendri, S. & Cao, Jingyu & Wang, Qiliang & Riffat, Saffa & Yang, Ronggui & Su, Yuehong & Pei, Gang, 2022. "Experimental study on a hybrid solar photothermic and radiative cooling collector equipped with a rotatable absorber/emitter plate," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 306(PB).

    Corrections

    All material on this site has been provided by the respective publishers and authors. You can help correct errors and omissions. When requesting a correction, please mention this item's handle: RePEc:eee:appene:v:231:y:2018:i:c:p:926-936. See general information about how to correct material in RePEc.

    If you have authored this item and are not yet registered with RePEc, we encourage you to do it here. This allows to link your profile to this item. It also allows you to accept potential citations to this item that we are uncertain about.

    If CitEc recognized a bibliographic reference but did not link an item in RePEc to it, you can help with this form .

    If you know of missing items citing this one, you can help us creating those links by adding the relevant references in the same way as above, for each refering item. If you are a registered author of this item, you may also want to check the "citations" tab in your RePEc Author Service profile, as there may be some citations waiting for confirmation.

    For technical questions regarding this item, or to correct its authors, title, abstract, bibliographic or download information, contact: Catherine Liu (email available below). General contact details of provider: http://www.elsevier.com/wps/find/journaldescription.cws_home/405891/description#description .

    Please note that corrections may take a couple of weeks to filter through the various RePEc services.

    IDEAS is a RePEc service. RePEc uses bibliographic data supplied by the respective publishers.