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Thermal battery for portable climate control

Author

Listed:
  • Narayanan, Shankar
  • Li, Xiansen
  • Yang, Sungwoo
  • Kim, Hyunho
  • Umans, Ari
  • McKay, Ian S.
  • Wang, Evelyn N.

Abstract

Current technologies that provide climate control in the transportation sector are quite inefficient. In gasoline-powered vehicles, the use of air-conditioning is known to result in higher emissions of greenhouse gases and pollutants apart from decreasing the gas-mileage. On the other hand, for electric vehicles (EVs), a drain in the onboard electric battery due to the operation of heating and cooling system results in a substantial decrease in the driving range. As an alternative to the conventional climate control system, we are developing an adsorption-based thermal battery (ATB), which is capable of storing thermal energy, and delivering both heating and cooling on demand, while requiring minimal electric power supply. Analogous to an electrical battery, the ATB can be charged for reuse. Furthermore, it promises to be compact, lightweight, and deliver high performance, which is desirable for mobile applications. In this study, we describe the design and operation of the ATB-based climate control system. We present a general theoretical framework to determine the maximum achievable heating and cooling performance using the ATB. The framework is then applied to study the feasibility of ATB integration in EVs, wherein we analyze the use of NaX zeolite–water as the adsorbent–refrigerant pair. In order to deliver the necessary heating and cooling performance, exceeding 2.5kWh thermal capacity for EVs, the analysis determines the optimal design and operating conditions. While the use of the ATB in EVs can potentially enhance its driving range, it can also be used for climate control in conventional gasoline vehicles, as well as residential and commercial buildings as a more efficient and environmentally-friendly alternative.

Suggested Citation

  • Narayanan, Shankar & Li, Xiansen & Yang, Sungwoo & Kim, Hyunho & Umans, Ari & McKay, Ian S. & Wang, Evelyn N., 2015. "Thermal battery for portable climate control," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 149(C), pages 104-116.
    • Handle: RePEc:eee:appene:v:149:y:2015:i:c:p:104-116
    DOI: 10.1016/j.apenergy.2015.03.101
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    Citations

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    Cited by:

    1. Nagel, Thomas & Beckert, Steffen & Lehmann, Christoph & Gläser, Roger & Kolditz, Olaf, 2016. "Multi-physical continuum models of thermochemical heat storage and transformation in porous media and powder beds—A review," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 178(C), pages 323-345.
    2. Dorow, Max & Hastenteufel, Jessica & Weber, Susanne Theresia, 2023. "Auswirkungen der Digitalisierung auf das Controlling und die Rolle der Controller:innen," IU Discussion Papers - Business & Management 4 (Juni 2023), IU International University of Applied Sciences.
    3. Cherp, Aleh & Vinichenko, Vadim & Jewell, Jessica & Suzuki, Masahiro & Antal, Miklós, 2017. "Comparing electricity transitions: A historical analysis of nuclear, wind and solar power in Germany and Japan," Energy Policy, Elsevier, vol. 101(C), pages 612-628.
    4. Zeng, Ziya & Zhao, Bingchen & Chen, Weidong & Ernest Chua, Kian Jon & Wang, Ruzhu, 2023. "Strategies of stable thermal output and humidity dual control for a packed-bed adsorption thermal battery," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 278(PA).
    5. del Río, Pablo, 2017. "Why does the combination of the European Union Emissions Trading Scheme and a renewable energy target makes economic sense?," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 74(C), pages 824-834.
    6. Mark van de Logt, 2016. "?The Most Dangerous Man on the Planet\," Proceedings of International Academic Conferences 3505987, International Institute of Social and Economic Sciences.
    7. Bayram, Islam Safak & Ustun, Taha Selim, 2017. "A survey on behind the meter energy management systems in smart grid," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 72(C), pages 1208-1232.
    8. Elsayed, Ahmed & Elsayed, Eman & AL-Dadah, Raya & Mahmoud, Saad & Elshaer, Amr & Kaialy, Waseem, 2017. "Thermal energy storage using metal–organic framework materials," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 186(P3), pages 509-519.
    9. Xie, Peng & Jin, Lu & Qiao, Geng & Lin, Cheng & Barreneche, Camila & Ding, Yulong, 2022. "Thermal energy storage for electric vehicles at low temperatures: Concepts, systems, devices and materials," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 160(C).
    10. Li, T.X. & Xu, J.X. & Yan, T. & Wang, R.Z., 2016. "Development of sorption thermal battery for low-grade waste heat recovery and combined cold and heat energy storage," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 107(C), pages 347-359.
    11. Xu, J.X. & Li, T.X. & Chao, J.W. & Yan, T.S. & Wang, R.Z., 2019. "High energy-density multi-form thermochemical energy storage based on multi-step sorption processes," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 185(C), pages 1131-1142.
    12. Xu, Z.Y. & Wang, R.Z., 2017. "A sorption thermal storage system with large concentration glide," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 141(C), pages 380-388.
    13. Keller, Victor & Lyseng, Benjamin & Wade, Cameron & Scholtysik, Sven & Fowler, McKenzie & Donald, James & Palmer-Wilson, Kevin & Robertson, Bryson & Wild, Peter & Rowe, Andrew, 2019. "Electricity system and emission impact of direct and indirect electrification of heavy-duty transportation," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 172(C), pages 740-751.
    14. Moritz Bohland & Jana Lippelt & Ana Maria Montoya Gómez & Thomas Ruppert & Marie-Theres von Schickfus, 2015. "Climate Notes: Looking Ahead to the World Climate Conference in Paris," ifo Schnelldienst, ifo Institute - Leibniz Institute for Economic Research at the University of Munich, vol. 68(22), pages 56-63, November.
    15. Lai, Chun Sing & McCulloch, Malcolm D., 2017. "Levelized cost of electricity for solar photovoltaic and electrical energy storage," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 190(C), pages 191-203.
    16. Tokarev, Mikhail M. & Gordeeva, Larisa G. & Grekova, Alexandra D. & Aristov, Yuri I., 2018. "Adsorption cycle “heat from cold” for upgrading the ambient heat: The testing a lab-scale prototype with the composite sorbent CaClBr/silica," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 211(C), pages 136-145.
    17. Ibanez-Lopez, A.S. & Martinez-Val, J.M. & Moratilla-Soria, B.Y., 2017. "A dynamic simulation model for assessing the overall impact of incentive policies on power system reliability, costs and environment," Energy Policy, Elsevier, vol. 102(C), pages 170-188.
    18. Zhao, Weiwei & Zhang, Tongtong & Kildahl, Harriet & Ding, Yulong, 2022. "Mobile energy recovery and storage: Multiple energy-powered EVs and refuelling stations," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 257(C).
    19. Niknam, Pouriya H & Sciacovelli, Adriano, 2023. "Hybrid PCM-steam thermal energy storage for industrial processes – Link between thermal phenomena and techno-economic performance through dynamic modelling," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 331(C).
    20. Gordeeva, L.G. & Aristov, Yu.I., 2019. "Adsorptive heat storage and amplification: New cycles and adsorbents," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 167(C), pages 440-453.

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