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La reforma laboral mexicana en marcha: el caso de General Motors-Silao

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  • Merlo, Rodrigo Eduardo Ocampo

    (Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México)

Abstract

La presente investigación tiene como objetivo reconstruir la manera en que la reforma a la ley laboral de 2019 se hizo concreta tomando como referencia el proceso de legitimación del contrato colectivo de los trabajadores de la planta de General Motors ubicada en el municipio de Silao, Guanajuato en México. Para dicha tarea fue necesario exponer los antecedentes que dieron origen a la nueva regulación del trabajo y el peso que en ella tuvo la renegociación del T-MEC. Un cambio en la ley que implicó modificar la configuración corporativa de las relaciones laborales que han dado sostén al modelo productivo toyotista precario mexicano. El estudio permitió identificar que las exigencias normativas en materia de democracia sindical y respeto a la libre asociación no se incorporaron de manera mecánica a las prácticas, su operatividad estuvo sujeta a presiones estructurales, mediaciones subjetivas y experienciales, y a la formación de acciones colectivas que disputaron el control de la representación de los trabajadores. La investigación siguió una estrategia etnográfica digital que se complementó con el análisis de fuentes oficiales y secundarias. *************************************************************************************************************************************************************************** The objective of the present piece of research is to reconstruct the way in which the labour reform of 2019 materialized, taking as referent the legitimation process of the workers collective agreement of the General Motors facilities located in the county of Silao Guanajuato, in Mexico. For this task it was necessary to present the antecedents that gave origin to the new labour regulation and the influence that the renegotiation of the USMCA had on it. Such change in the law meant modifying the corporate configuration of work relations that have maintained the Mexican precarious Toyota model of production. This study allowed to identify that the normative demands regarding trade union democracy and respect of freedom of assembly and association were not mechanically incorporated in the practice. Its operativity was subjected to structural pressures, subjective and experiential mediation, and the shaping of collective actions that disputed the control of the workers’ representation. The research followed a digital ethnographic strategy which was complemented with the analysis of official and secondary sources. ****************************************************************************************************************************************************************************** Esta pesquisa visa reconstruir a forma como a reforma da legislacao trabalhista de 2019 se concretizou, tomando como referencia o processo de legitimacao do acordo coletivo de negociacao dos trabalhadores da fábrica da General Motors localizada no município de Silao, Guanajuato, no México. Para este fim, foi necessário expor os antecedentes da nova regulamentacao trabalhista e o peso que a renegociacao do Acordo Estados Unidos-México-Canadá (USMCA) teve sobre ela. Uma mudanca na lei que implicou na modificacao da configuracao corporativa das relacoes de trabalho que sustentaram o precário modelo de producao toyotista do México. O estudo identificou que as exigencias normativas de democracia sindical e de respeito a livre associacao nao foram mecanicamente incorporadas as práticas; sua operacionalidade estava sujeita a pressoes estruturais, mediacoes subjetivas e experimentais, e a formacao de acoes coletivas que contestavam o controle da representacao dos trabalhadores. A pesquisa seguiu uma estratégia etnográfica digital que foi complementada com a análise de fontes oficiais e secundárias.

Suggested Citation

  • Merlo, Rodrigo Eduardo Ocampo, 2022. "La reforma laboral mexicana en marcha: el caso de General Motors-Silao," Revista Tendencias, Universidad de Narino, vol. 23(1), pages 1-28, January.
  • Handle: RePEc:col:000520:019966
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    File URL: https://revistas.udenar.edu.co/index.php/rtend/article/view/7072
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    More about this item

    Keywords

    corporativismo; industria automotriz; modelo productivo; sindicalismo; T-MEC;
    All these keywords.

    JEL classification:

    • J41 - Labor and Demographic Economics - - Particular Labor Markets - - - Labor Contracts
    • J52 - Labor and Demographic Economics - - Labor-Management Relations, Trade Unions, and Collective Bargaining - - - Dispute Resolution: Strikes, Arbitration, and Mediation
    • J53 - Labor and Demographic Economics - - Labor-Management Relations, Trade Unions, and Collective Bargaining - - - Labor-Management Relations; Industrial Jurisprudence
    • J83 - Labor and Demographic Economics - - Labor Standards - - - Workers' Rights
    • K31 - Law and Economics - - Other Substantive Areas of Law - - - Labor Law
    • Z22 - Other Special Topics - - Sports Economics - - - Labor Issues

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