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Albert O. Hirschman y la economía del desarrollo: lecciones para el presente

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  • Jimena Hurtado

Abstract

Albert Hirschman vivió casi cinco anos en Colombia, donde según él, adquirió un punto de vista. Este punto de vista le permitió formular una aproximación original al desarrollo, alejada de las grandes teorías y del mero empirismo; lo llamó una estrategia de desarrollo y, en ella, resaltaba los eslabonamientos entre sectores productivos pero, sobre todo, las habilidades, creencias y expectativas necesarias, y muchas veces inexplotadas, para hacer posible un proceso dinámico de toma de decisiones. Estaba convencido de que los individuos eran más que simples beneficiarios de las políticas de desarrollo y los veía como agentes activos de sus propios procesos. Este artículo, después de explorar su punto de vista, presenta las posibles lecciones de Hirschman a la economía del desarrollo actual, en general, y al método de experimentos sociales controlados, en particular. Albert Hirschman spent almost five years in Colombia were he said he had acquired a point of view. This point of view led him to formulate an original approach to development, far from grand theories and mere empiricism. What he called a strategy of development relied not only on linkages between productive sectors but mostly on skills, beliefs and expectations necessary, and many times unexploited, to make a proactive decision process possible. He was convinced individuals were more than recipients of development policies, and saw them as active agents of their own development processes. In this paper, after exploring this point of view, I present what I see as Hirschman's possible lessons for modern day development economics, in general, and randomized field experiments, in particular. Albert Hirschman a vécu pres de cinq années en Colombie ou, selon lui, il s’est fait un point de vue. Ce point de vue lui a permis de formuler une approche originale du développement, éloignée des grandes théories et du simple empirisme ; il l’a appelée une stratégie de développement et il y soulignait les échelons entre les secteurs productifs mais surtout, les talents, croyances, et expectatives nécessaires, et souvent inexploitées pour permettre un processus dynamique de prise de décisions. Il était convaincu de ce que les individus étaient davantage que de simples bénéficiaires des politiques de développement et les voyait comme des agents actifs de leurs propres processus. Cet article, apres avoir exploré son point de vue, présente les possibles lecons d’Hirschman sur l’économie du développement actuel en général, et sur la méthode d’expérimentations sociales controlées, en particulier. Albert Hirschman morou quase cinco anos na Colombia onde, segundo ele, adquiriu um ponto de vista. Este ponto de vista lhe permitiu formular uma aproximacao original ao desenvolvimento, afastada das grandes teorias e do mero empirismo; o chamou de uma estratégia de desenvolvimento e, nele, ressaltava os encadeamentos entre setores produtivos mas, principalmente, as habilidades, crencas e expectativas necessárias, e muitas vezes inexploradas, para tornar possível um processo dinamico de tomada de decisoes. Estava convencido de que os indivíduos eram mais do que simples beneficiários das políticas de desenvolvimento e os via como agentes ativos dos seus próprios processos. Este artigo, depois de explorar o seu ponto de vista, apresenta as possíveis licoes de Hirschman a economia do desenvolvimento atual, em geral, e ao método de experimentos sociais controlados, em particular.

Suggested Citation

  • Jimena Hurtado, 2014. "Albert O. Hirschman y la economía del desarrollo: lecciones para el presente," Revista Cuadernos de Economia, Universidad Nacional de Colombia, FCE, CID, June.
  • Handle: RePEc:col:000093:011514
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Joshua D. Angrist & Jörn-Steffen Pischke, 2010. "The Credibility Revolution in Empirical Economics: How Better Research Design Is Taking the Con out of Econometrics," Journal of Economic Perspectives, American Economic Association, vol. 24(2), pages 3-30, Spring.
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    3. Abhijit V. Banerjee & Esther Duflo, 2009. "The Experimental Approach to Development Economics," Annual Review of Economics, Annual Reviews, vol. 1(1), pages 151-178, May.
    4. Christopher B. Barrett & Michael R. Carter, 2010. "The Power and Pitfalls of Experiments in Development Economics: Some Non-random Reflections," Applied Economic Perspectives and Policy, Agricultural and Applied Economics Association, vol. 32(4), pages 515-548.
    5. Jeremy Adelman, 2013. "Worldly Philosopher: The Odyssey of Albert O. Hirschman," Economics Books, Princeton University Press, edition 1, number 9935.
    6. Luis Armando Blanco, 2013. "Hirschman: un gran científico social," Revista de Economía Institucional, Universidad Externado de Colombia - Facultad de Economía, vol. 15(28), pages 47-64, January-J.
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    More about this item

    Keywords

    Albert Hirschman; economía del desarrollo; experimentos sociales controlados; participación ciudadana.;
    All these keywords.

    JEL classification:

    • B20 - Schools of Economic Thought and Methodology - - History of Economic Thought since 1925 - - - General
    • B25 - Schools of Economic Thought and Methodology - - History of Economic Thought since 1925 - - - Historical; Institutional; Evolutionary; Austrian; Stockholm School
    • B31 - Schools of Economic Thought and Methodology - - History of Economic Thought: Individuals - - - Individuals
    • O2 - Economic Development, Innovation, Technological Change, and Growth - - Development Planning and Policy

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