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Regional economic disparities, spatial dependence and proximity structures

Author

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  • Alfredo Cartone
  • Domenica Panzera
  • Paolo Postiglione

Abstract

Since some decades, inequality has been attracting a growing interest within political debate as well as in theoretical and empirical studies. Considering inequality at a regional level offers useful insights for policy makers, facilitating the assessment of the effectiveness of strategies aimed at reducing regional disparities and helping in developing place‐based actions. The study of regional inequality poses some relevant issues related to the spatial nature of data. In fact, dealing with georeferenced data implies the opportunity of considering the spatial interactions among regional units that are likely to play a role in shaping the inequality dynamics. Some studies have highlighted the importance of incorporating spatial effects in a traditional measure of inequality such as the Gini index. These studies are based on the definition of a proximity structure, which allows one to discriminate between the spatial and the non‐spatial component of inequality. Different definitions of the proximity structure are likely to influence the spatial component of inequality. Those aspects are analysed in the present paper to offer more detailed insights in the territorial dimension of inequality. The measures and their decompositions are discussed in the case of European NUTS 3 regions. Desde hace algunas décadas, la desigualdad ha venido suscitando un interés creciente en el debate político y en los estudios teóricos y empíricos. El estudio de la desigualdad a nivel regional ofrece una perspectiva útil para los responsables políticos, facilitando la evaluación de la eficacia de las estrategias destinadas a reducir las disparidades regionales y ayudando a desarrollar acciones basadas en el lugar. El estudio de la desigualdad regional plantea algunas cuestiones relevantes relacionadas con la naturaleza espacial de los datos. De hecho, el uso de datos georreferenciados supone la oportunidad de considerar las interacciones espaciales entre las unidades regionales que probablemente desempeñen un papel en la configuración de la dinámica de la desigualdad. Algunos estudios han destacado la importancia de incorporar los efectos espaciales en una medida tradicional de desigualdad como el índice de Gini. Estos estudios se basan en la definición de una estructura de proximidad, que permite discriminar entre el componente espacial y el no espacial de la desigualdad. Es probable que las diferentes definiciones de la estructura de proximidad influyan en el componente espacial de la desigualdad. Estos aspectos se analizan en este artículo para ofrecer una perspectiva más detallada de la dimensión territorial de la desigualdad. Las medidas y su desagregación se analizan con el caso de las regiones europeas NUTS 3. ここ数十年の間に、政治的な議論や理論的・実証的研究において、不平等に対する関心が高まっている。地域レベルでの不平等を検討することは、政策立案者に有益な洞察を提供し、地域格差の縮小を目的とした政策の有効性の評価を容易にし、地域ベースの活動を支援する。地域格差の研究は、データの空間的性質に関連する重要な問題を提起する。実際、地理参照データを扱うことは、不平等のダイナミクスの形成に関連しているとみられる地域単位間の空間的相互作用を検討する機会を意味する。ジニ係数などの伝統的な不平等の尺度に空間効果を組み込むことの重要性を明らかにした研究もある。これらの研究は近接性の構造の定義に基づいており、不平等の空間的な構成要素と非空間的な構成要素を区別することを可能にする。近接性の構造の他の定義は、不平等の空間的な構成要素に影響を与える可能性が高い。本稿では、これらの側面を分析し、不平等の地域的側面について詳細に解明する。ヨーロッパNUTS 3地域の事例を用いて、その測度と分解を考察する。

Suggested Citation

  • Alfredo Cartone & Domenica Panzera & Paolo Postiglione, 2022. "Regional economic disparities, spatial dependence and proximity structures," Regional Science Policy & Practice, Wiley Blackwell, vol. 14(5), pages 1034-1050, October.
  • Handle: RePEc:bla:rgscpp:v:14:y:2022:i:5:p:1034-1050
    DOI: 10.1111/rsp3.12482
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