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Contagious COVID‐19 policies: Policy diffusion during times of crisis

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  • Evan M. Mistur
  • John Wagner Givens
  • Daniel C. Matisoff

Abstract

The COVID‐19 crisis demanded rapid, widespread policy action. In response, nations turned to different forms of social distancing policies to reduce the spread of the virus. These policies were implemented globally, proving as contagious as the virus they are meant to prevent. Yet, variation in their implementation invites questions as to how and why countries adopt social distancing policies, and whether the causal mechanisms driving these policy adoptions are based on internal resources and problem conditions or other external factors such as conditions in other countries. We leverage daily changes in international social distancing policies to understand the impacts of problem characteristics, institutional and economic context, and peer effects on social distancing policy adoption. Using fixed‐effects models on an international panel of daily data from 2020, we find that peer effects, particularly mimicry of geographic neighbors, political peers, and language agnates drive policy diffusion and shape countries' policy choices. La crisis de la COVID‐19 exigió una acción política rápida y generalizada. En respuesta, las naciones recurrieron a diferentes formas de políticas de distanciamiento social para reducir la propagación del virus. Estas políticas se implementaron a nivel mundial y demostraron ser tan contagiosas como el virus que deben prevenir. Sin embargo, la variación en su implementación invita a cuestionarse cómo y por qué los países adoptan políticas de distanciamiento social, y si los mecanismos causales que impulsan estas adopciones de políticas se basan en recursos internos y condiciones problemáticas u otros factores externos, como las condiciones en otros países. Aprovechamos los cambios diarios en las políticas internacionales de distanciamiento social para comprender los impactos de las características del problema, el contexto institucional y económico y los efectos de los pares en la adopción de políticas de distanciamiento social. Usando modelos de efectos fijos en un panel internacional de datos diarios de 2020, encontramos que los efectos de los pares, en particular la imitación de los vecinos geográficos, los pares políticos y los agnados lingüísticos, impulsan la difusión de políticas y dan forma a las opciones de políticas de los países. 2019冠状病毒病(COVID‐19)危机要求采取迅速、广泛的政策行动。作为响应,各国采取不同形式的保持社交距离(social distancing)政策,以减少病毒传播。这些政策在全球范围内实施,与其旨在预防的病毒一样具有传播性。不过,这些政策的实施差异引发了以下问题:各国如何以及为何采用保持社交距离政策,以及推动政策采纳的因果机制是基于内部资源和问题条件还是基于其他外部因素,例如其他国家的条件。我们利用国际保持社交距离政策的每日变化,以理解问题特征、制度和经济情境、以及同伴效应对保持社交距离政策采纳产生的影响。通过对一项 2020 年国际每日数据面板使用固定效应模型,我们发现,同伴效应(特别是邻国、政治同伴以及语言同类的模仿)推动了政策扩散并影响了国家的政策选择。

Suggested Citation

  • Evan M. Mistur & John Wagner Givens & Daniel C. Matisoff, 2023. "Contagious COVID‐19 policies: Policy diffusion during times of crisis," Review of Policy Research, Policy Studies Organization, vol. 40(1), pages 36-62, January.
  • Handle: RePEc:bla:revpol:v:40:y:2023:i:1:p:36-62
    DOI: 10.1111/ropr.12487
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