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An analysis of pedestrian crashes using a spatial count data model

Author

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  • Rebekka E. Apardian
  • Oleg Smirnov

Abstract

We develop a methodology to analyze pedestrian crash frequency in relation to neighborhood characteristics and exposure to traffic using a spatial count data model with a Poisson framework that is expanded to consider spatial factors, a methodological innovation. We also develop and apply a methodology for defining urban boundaries in mid‐sized metropolitan areas, following the functionality of the urban area. These methodologies are applied to a case study. The case study identifies specific neighborhood sociodemographic characteristics associated with higher pedestrian crash frequencies. It also finds vehicle exposure to be insignificant. Results suggest that neighborhood‐level planning policies may best address pedestrian crashes. Se desarrolla una metodología para analizar la frecuencia de los atropellos de peatones en relación con las características del vecindario y la exposición al tráfico mediante un modelo espacial de datos de recuento con un marco de Poisson que se amplió para tener en cuenta los factores espaciales, lo que constituye una innovación metodológica. También se desarrolló y aplicó una metodología para definir los límites urbanos en las áreas metropolitanas de tamaño medio, a partir de la funcionalidad de la zona urbana. Estas metodologías se aplican a un estudio de caso. El estudio de caso identifica las características sociodemográficas específicas del vecindario asociadas con frecuencias más altas de atropellos de peatones. También se encontró que la exposición de los vehículos fue insignificante. Los resultados sugieren que las políticas de planificación a nivel de vecindario pueden hacerse cargo mejor de los atropellos de peatones. 本稿では、歩行者との接触事故の頻度を、居住地域(neighborhood)の特性と交通曝露に関連づけて、ポアソン的フレームワークと空間カウントデータを用いて分析する方法、すなわち空間的因子を考慮に入れるように拡張したイノベーティブな方法を開発する。また、都市部の機能に従って、中規模都市圏における都市境界線を定義する方法を開発して適用する。これらの方法はケーススタディに適用する。ケーススタディの結果から、高頻度の歩行者接触事故に関連する特異的な地域の社会人口統計学的特性が特定された。さらに、交通曝露は有意ではないことも分かった。結果から、歩行者接触事故の対策として、居住地域レベルで政策を計画することが最良である可能性が示唆される。

Suggested Citation

  • Rebekka E. Apardian & Oleg Smirnov, 2020. "An analysis of pedestrian crashes using a spatial count data model," Papers in Regional Science, Wiley Blackwell, vol. 99(5), pages 1317-1338, October.
  • Handle: RePEc:bla:presci:v:99:y:2020:i:5:p:1317-1338
    DOI: 10.1111/pirs.12523
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Morency, P. & Gauvin, L. & Plante, C. & Fournier, M. & Morency, C., 2012. "Neighborhood social inequalities in road traffic injuries: The influence of traffic volume and road design," American Journal of Public Health, American Public Health Association, vol. 102(6), pages 1112-1119.
    2. Eric Dumbaugh & Wenhao Li, 2011. "Designing for the Safety of Pedestrians, Cyclists, and Motorists in Urban Environments," Journal of the American Planning Association, Taylor & Francis Journals, vol. 77(1), pages 69-88.
    3. Ewing, R. & Schieber, R.A. & Zegeer, C.V., 2003. "Urban Sprawl as a Risk Factor in Motor Vehicle Occupant and Pedestrian Fatalities," American Journal of Public Health, American Public Health Association, vol. 93(9), pages 1541-1545.
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    1. Robert C. Jung & Stephanie Glaser, 2022. "Modelling and Diagnostics of Spatially Autocorrelated Counts," Econometrics, MDPI, vol. 10(3), pages 1-17, September.
    2. Daniel Gálvez-Pérez & Begoña Guirao & Armando Ortuño & Luis Picado-Santos, 2022. "The Influence of Built Environment Factors on Elderly Pedestrian Road Safety in Cities: The Experience of Madrid," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 19(4), pages 1-20, February.

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