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No time for crime? The effect of compulsory engagement on youth crime

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  • Nikhil Jha

Abstract

This paper examines the potential incapacitation effect on various categories of crime committed by young persons. I exploit the increase in compulsory education‐work participation age from 15 to 17 in Australia's largest state. The policy primarily increased participation in schools with high enrolments in school‐based vocational education programs. By using incidents of crime, I incorporate incapacitation effects on crimes that do not lead to arrests and provide net effect of the policy. Results show substantial reduction in incidents of crime, particularly by male offenders in urban areas and suggest that the policy did not displace crime from streets to schools. Crimes against property, which are often diverted from the criminal justice system, show the largest decline. Este artículo examina el posible efecto de incapacitación en varias categorías de delitos cometidos por jóvenes. Se aprovecho el aumento de la edad obligatoria de escolarización‐formación profesional de los 15 a los 17 años en el mayor estado de Australia. La política aumentó principalmente la participación en las escuelas con un alto nivel de matriculación en los programas de formación profesional de las escuelas. Al utilizar los incidentes delictivos, se incorporaron los efectos de incapacitación en los delitos que no dan lugar a detenciones y se proporcionó el efecto neto de la política. Los resultados muestran una reducción sustancial de los incidentes delictivos, especialmente de los delincuentes masculinos en las zonas urbanas, y sugieren que la política no trasladó la delincuencia de las calles a las escuelas. Los delitos contra la propiedad, que a menudo se desvían del sistema de justicia penal, son los que registraron el mayor descenso. 本稿では、若年者による様々な種類の犯罪に対する潜在的な無力化効果を検討する。オーストラリア最大の州で義務教育修了/就労最低年齢が15歳から17歳に引き上げられたことを利用する。この政策は主に、学校教育ベースの職業訓練プログラムの就学率が高い学校への入学を増加させた。犯罪発生率を利用することで、逮捕に至らない犯罪に対する無力化効果を取り入れ、政策の正味の効果を得る。結果は、犯罪、特に都市部での男性犯罪者による事件がかなりの減少したことを示すが、この政策が犯罪を街中から学校へ移動させなかったことが示唆される。刑事司法手続きから離脱する場合が多い財産犯は、その減少幅が最大である。

Suggested Citation

  • Nikhil Jha, 2021. "No time for crime? The effect of compulsory engagement on youth crime," Papers in Regional Science, Wiley Blackwell, vol. 100(6), pages 1571-1597, December.
  • Handle: RePEc:bla:presci:v:100:y:2021:i:6:p:1571-1597
    DOI: 10.1111/pirs.12624
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