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Mosquitoes, birth rates and regional spillovers: Evidence from the Zika epidemic in Brazil

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  • Lívia Madeira Triaca
  • Felipe Garcia Ribeiro
  • César Augusto Oviedo Tejada

Abstract

This paper investigates the impact of the incidence of the Zika virus on birth rates in Brazil. We estimated a difference‐in‐differences model that explicitly considers the spatial interaction of virus incidence, measuring its impact on the affected municipalities and their neighbours—not directly affected. Our results show that directly affected municipalities experienced a 1.7% decrease in birth rates in 2016 and 2.5% in 2017, while municipalities close to those affected—but not directly affected—showed reductions of 1.2% and 2.1% for the same periods. Moreover, the evidence shows that the effect was not guided by biological effects and was concentrated among younger women. Este artículo investiga el impacto de la incidencia del virus del Zika en las tasas de natalidad en Brasil. Se estimo un modelo de diferencias en diferencias que considera de forma explícita la interacción espacial de la incidencia del virus, midiendo su impacto tanto en los municipios afectados como en sus vecinos no afectados directamente. Los resultados muestran que los municipios afectados directamente experimentaron un descenso del 1,7% en las tasas de natalidad en 2016 y del 2,5% en 2017, mientras que los municipios cercanos a los afectados, pero no afectados directamente, mostraron reducciones del 1,2% y del 2,1% para los mismos períodos. Además, la evidencia demuestra que el efecto no estuvo determinado por efectos biológicos y que se concentró entre las mujeres más jóvenes. 本稿では、ブラジルにおける出生率に対するジカウイルス感染症の有病率の影響を調査する。有病率の空間的相互作用を明確に考慮した差分の差分法モデルを推定し、影響を受ける自治体とその近隣(直接的には影響を受けない)への影響を測定した。その結果、直接的に影響を受けた自治体では出生率が2016年に1.7%減少し、2017年には2.5%減少したのに対し、直接的には影響を受けなかったが、影響を受けた自治体に近い自治体では、同じ期間に出生率が1.2%および2.1%減少した。さらに、この影響は生物学的作用によるものではなく、若年女性に影響が集中していることを示すエビデンスがある。

Suggested Citation

  • Lívia Madeira Triaca & Felipe Garcia Ribeiro & César Augusto Oviedo Tejada, 2021. "Mosquitoes, birth rates and regional spillovers: Evidence from the Zika epidemic in Brazil," Papers in Regional Science, Wiley Blackwell, vol. 100(3), pages 795-813, June.
  • Handle: RePEc:bla:presci:v:100:y:2021:i:3:p:795-813
    DOI: 10.1111/pirs.12591
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