IDEAS home Printed from https://ideas.repec.org/a/bla/eurcho/v17y2018i1p40-45.html
   My bibliography  Save this article

Rethinking Organic Farming in the Post†Socialist Context: Lessons from Bulgaria

Author

Listed:
  • Heidrun Moschitz
  • Svetla Stoeva
  • Petya Slavova
  • Dona Pickard
  • Zdravka Georgieva
  • Matthias Stolze

Abstract

On the basis of an in†depth qualitative study, this article discusses the case of Bulgaria as an example of a new EU Member State that implemented EU organic farming policies in a top†down process during EU accession. We explore the difficulties in transposing a concept originating in Western Europe to post†Socialist countries, and particularly ask what this transposing of an alien concept means for long†term development of the organic sector. We found that the top†down agenda†setting for organic farming in Bulgaria resulted in inefficient policies that inhibited an orientation of producers towards the market's needs. Tacit assumptions underlying the concept of organic farming in Western Europe, such as the relevance of social capital could not be sustained in Bulgaria, which added to the challenges of policy implementation. To increase policy efficiency, we recommend a policy process that involves the expertise of all organic sector actors, including organic operators, but also policymakers, organic organisations, consumers and academic experts. Expertise and knowledge requirements are diverse, touching policy, market, collective action and practice†oriented skills. Integrating these skills could maximise success in finding the best solution for implementing – and adjusting – a foreign concept meaningfully in a particular local context.En se fondant sur une étude qualitative approfondie, cet article examine le cas de la Bulgarie comme exemple d'un nouvel état membre de l'Union européenne mettant en place les politiques communautaires de soutien à l'agriculture biologique. Nous explorons les difficultés que pose la transposition d'un concept originaire de l'Europe de l'Ouest à un pays post socialiste. Nous posons en particulier la question des conséquences de cette transposition étrangère pour le développement à long†terme du secteur de l'agriculture biologique. Nous avons découvert que l'approche descendante adoptée pour promouvoir l'agriculture biologique en Bulgarie a donné naissance à des politiques inefficientes qui ont empêché les producteurs de s'orienter vers les besoins des marchés. Les hypothèses tacites sur lesquelles se fonde le concept d'agriculture biologique dans l'Europe de l'Ouest, comme l'importance du capital social, ne pouvaient pas s'appliquer à la Bulgarie, rendant d'autant plus difficile la mise en œuvre de la politique. Pour améliorer l'efficience de la politique, nous recommandons un processus qui s'appuie sur l'expertise de l'ensemble des acteurs de l'agriculture biologique, y compris les opérateurs, mais aussi les décideurs de l'action publique, les organisations bio, les consommateurs et les experts universitaires. Les besoins en expertise et savoirs sont divers, et concernent les compétences en matière de politique, de marché, d'action collective et de pratiques. Intégrer ces compétences pourrait donner les meilleures chances de trouver une solution optimale dans la mise en place †et l'adaptation – d'un concept étranger dans un contexte local particulier.Auf der Grundlage einer ausführlichen qualitativen Studie wird in diesem Beitrag der Fall Bulgariens als ein Beispiel für ein neues EU†Mitgliedsland diskutiert, das die EU†Politik für den ökologischen Landbau während des EU†Beitrittsprozesses in Form eines Top†down†Verfahrens eingeführt hat. Wir untersuchen die Schwierigkeiten der Übertragung eines im Westen entstandenen Konzepts auf postsozialistische Länder und hinterfragen insbesondere, was die Übertragung eines „fremden“ Konzepts für die langfristige Entwicklung des ökologischen Sektors bedeutet. Wir haben herausgefunden, dass die Top†down†Methode im Bereich des ökologischen Landbaus in Bulgarien zu ineffizienten Politiken führte, die eine Ausrichtung der Erzeuger an den Bedürfnissen des Markts verhinderten. Unausgesprochene Annahmen, die dem Konzept des ökologischen Landbaus in Westeuropa zugrunde liegen †wie etwa die Relevanz von Sozialkapital †konnten für Bulgarien nicht aufrechterhalten werden, was zu den Herausforderungen bei der Politikumsetzung hinzukam. Um die Effizienz der Maßnahmen zu verbessern, empfehlen wir einen Politikprozess, der die Expertise aller Akteure im ökologischen Sektor, einschließlich der Expertise von Unternehmern, aber auch von politischen Entscheidungsträgern, Verbänden, Verbrauchern und wissenschaftlichen Experten mit einbezieht. Die Voraussetzungen in Bezug auf Fachkenntnisse und Wissen sind unterschiedlich; sie betreffen Expertise in den Bereichen Politik, Markt und kollektives Handeln sowie praxisorientierte Fähigkeiten. Die Einbeziehung dieser Fähigkeiten könnte den Erfolg beim Herausarbeiten der besten Lösung für die sinnvolle Umsetzung †und Anpassung †eines fremden Konzepts in einem speziellen lokalen Kontext erhöhen.

Suggested Citation

  • Heidrun Moschitz & Svetla Stoeva & Petya Slavova & Dona Pickard & Zdravka Georgieva & Matthias Stolze, 2018. "Rethinking Organic Farming in the Post†Socialist Context: Lessons from Bulgaria," EuroChoices, The Agricultural Economics Society, vol. 17(1), pages 40-45, April.
  • Handle: RePEc:bla:eurcho:v:17:y:2018:i:1:p:40-45
    DOI: 10.1111/1746-692X.12153
    as

    Download full text from publisher

    File URL: https://doi.org/10.1111/1746-692X.12153
    Download Restriction: no

    File URL: https://libkey.io/10.1111/1746-692X.12153?utm_source=ideas
    LibKey link: if access is restricted and if your library uses this service, LibKey will redirect you to where you can use your library subscription to access this item
    ---><---

    References listed on IDEAS

    as
    1. Ingrid Jahrl & Heidrun Moschitz & Matthias Stolze, 2016. "Growing under the common agricultural policy: the institutional development of organic farming in Central and Eastern European countries from 2004 to 2012," International Journal of Agricultural Resources, Governance and Ecology, Inderscience Enterprises Ltd, vol. 12(4), pages 357-380.
    2. Padel, Susanne & Röcklinsberg, Helena & Schmid, Otto, 2009. "The implementation of organic principles and values in the European Regulation for organic food," Food Policy, Elsevier, vol. 34(3), pages 245-251, June.
    3. Heidrun Moschitz, 2009. "Moving on – European organic farming movements between political action and self-reflection," International Journal of Agricultural Resources, Governance and Ecology, Inderscience Enterprises Ltd, vol. 8(5/6), pages 371-387.
    Full references (including those not matched with items on IDEAS)

    Most related items

    These are the items that most often cite the same works as this one and are cited by the same works as this one.
    1. Seufert, Verena & Ramankutty, Navin & Mayerhofer, Tabea, 2017. "What is this thing called organic? – How organic farming is codified in regulations," Food Policy, Elsevier, vol. 68(C), pages 10-20.
    2. Charalampia N. Anastasiou & Kiriaki M. Keramitsoglou & Nikos Kalogeras & Maria I. Tsagkaraki & Ioanna Kalatzi & Konstantinos P. Tsagarakis, 2017. "Can the “Euro-Leaf” Logo Affect Consumers’ Willingness-To-Buy and Willingness-To-Pay for Organic Food and Attract Consumers’ Preferences? An Empirical Study in Greece," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 9(8), pages 1-17, August.
    3. Sonia Chien-I Chen & Chenglian Liu & Zhenyuan Wang & Farid Arya, 2022. "Innovative Strategies to Fuel Organic Food Business Growth: A Qualitative Research," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 19(5), pages 1-22, March.
    4. Lindström, Hanna & Lundberg, Sofia & Marklund, Per-Olov, 2020. "How Green Public Procurement can drive conversion of farmland: An empirical analysis of an organic food policy," Ecological Economics, Elsevier, vol. 172(C).
    5. Asian, Sobhan & Hafezalkotob, Ashkan & John, Jubin Jacob, 2019. "Sharing economy in organic food supply chains: A pathway to sustainable development," International Journal of Production Economics, Elsevier, vol. 218(C), pages 322-338.
    6. Alba Linares Quero & Uxue Iragui Yoldi & Oriana Gava & Gerald Schwarz & Andrea Povellato & Carlos Astrain, 2022. "Assessment of the Common Agricultural Policy 2014–2020 in Supporting Agroecological Transitions: A Comparative Study of 15 Cases across Europe," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 14(15), pages 1-23, July.
    7. Dinis, Isabel & Ortolani, Livia & Bocci, Riccardo & Brites, Cláudia, 2015. "Organic agriculture values and practices in Portugal and Italy," Agricultural Systems, Elsevier, vol. 136(C), pages 39-45.
    8. Katharina Biely & Dries Maes & Steven Van Passel, 2018. "Market Power Extended: From Foucault to Meadows," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 10(8), pages 1-23, August.
    9. Marletto, Gerardo & Sillig, Cécile, 2019. "Lost in Mainstreaming? Agrifood and Urban Mobility Grassroots Innovations with Multiple Pathways and Outcomes," Ecological Economics, Elsevier, vol. 158(C), pages 88-100.
    10. Chang, Jae Bong & Lusk, Jayson L., 2009. "Fairness and food choice," Food Policy, Elsevier, vol. 34(6), pages 483-491, December.
    11. Marta López Cifuentes & Christian Reinhard Vogl & Mamen Cuéllar Padilla, 2018. "Participatory Guarantee Systems in Spain: Motivations, Achievements, Challenges and Opportunities for Improvement Based on Three Case Studies," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 10(11), pages 1-25, November.
    12. Malek, Žiga & Tieskens, Koen F. & Verburg, Peter H., 2019. "Explaining the global spatial distribution of organic crop producers," Agricultural Systems, Elsevier, vol. 176(C).
    13. Busch, Gesa & Spiller, Achim, 2015. "Real farmer share, perceived farmer share and fair distribution in food chains from a consumers' perspective," 143rd Joint EAAE/AAEA Seminar, March 25-27, 2015, Naples, Italy 202736, European Association of Agricultural Economists.
    14. Desamparados Blazquez & Josep Domenech & Jose-Maria Garcia-Alvarez-Coque, 2018. "Assessing Technology Platforms for Sustainability with Web Data Mining Techniques," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 10(12), pages 1-15, November.
    15. Lee-Ann Sutherland, 2013. "Can organic farmers be ‘good farmers’? Adding the ‘taste of necessity’ to the conventionalization debate," Agriculture and Human Values, Springer;The Agriculture, Food, & Human Values Society (AFHVS), vol. 30(3), pages 429-441, September.
    16. Natalia Brzezina & Katharina Biely & Ariella Helfgott & Birgit Kopainsky & Joost Vervoort & Erik Mathijs, 2017. "Development of Organic Farming in Europe at the Crossroads: Looking for the Way Forward through System Archetypes Lenses," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 9(5), pages 1-23, May.
    17. Hansen, Torben & Sørensen, Maria Ingerslev & Eriksen, Marie-Louise Riewerts, 2018. "How the interplay between consumer motivations and values influences organic food identity and behavior," Food Policy, Elsevier, vol. 74(C), pages 39-52.
    18. Stefan Renckens, 2021. "Disaggregating public‐private governance interactions: European Union interventions in transnational private sustainability governance," Regulation & Governance, John Wiley & Sons, vol. 15(4), pages 1230-1247, October.
    19. Antonella Samoggia & Zeynep Beyhan, 2022. "Fairness-Enabling Practices in Agro-Food Chain," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 14(11), pages 1-24, May.
    20. Pantelis Zoiopoulos & Ioannis Hadjigeorgiou, 2013. "Critical Overview on Organic Legislation for Animal Production: Towards Conventionalization of the System?," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 5(7), pages 1-18, July.

    More about this item

    Statistics

    Access and download statistics

    Corrections

    All material on this site has been provided by the respective publishers and authors. You can help correct errors and omissions. When requesting a correction, please mention this item's handle: RePEc:bla:eurcho:v:17:y:2018:i:1:p:40-45. See general information about how to correct material in RePEc.

    If you have authored this item and are not yet registered with RePEc, we encourage you to do it here. This allows to link your profile to this item. It also allows you to accept potential citations to this item that we are uncertain about.

    If CitEc recognized a bibliographic reference but did not link an item in RePEc to it, you can help with this form .

    If you know of missing items citing this one, you can help us creating those links by adding the relevant references in the same way as above, for each refering item. If you are a registered author of this item, you may also want to check the "citations" tab in your RePEc Author Service profile, as there may be some citations waiting for confirmation.

    For technical questions regarding this item, or to correct its authors, title, abstract, bibliographic or download information, contact: Wiley Content Delivery (email available below). General contact details of provider: https://edirc.repec.org/data/eaaeeea.html .

    Please note that corrections may take a couple of weeks to filter through the various RePEc services.

    IDEAS is a RePEc service. RePEc uses bibliographic data supplied by the respective publishers.