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Los procesos de aglomeración en Colombia a la luz de la Nueva Geografía Económica

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  • Juan Esteban Vélez Villegas

Abstract

Desde su aparición a comienzos de los años noventa, con los trabajos de Krugman, Venables, Fujita y otros autores, la “Nueva Geografía Económica” ha abierto numerosos frentes de investigación teórica al mostrar cómo la combinación de retornos crecientes a escala, las imperfecciones del mercado y los costos de transporte crean una serie de fuerzas “centrípetas” y “centrífugas” que, junto con las dotaciones de los factores, determinan la distribución de las actividades económicas en el espacio. En esta investigación, utilizando datos para los municipios colombianos, se estiman los parámetros estructurales del modelo desarrollado por Helpman (1995) y Hanson (1998), que se ha convertido en la mejor alternativa para contrastar empíricamente la Nueva Geografía Económica. Los resultados confirman la existencia de una estructura espacial de salarios en Colombia, así como un fortalecimiento de los procesos de aglomeración alrededor de las principales ciudades del país, y muy especialmente en torno a Bogotá.

Suggested Citation

  • Juan Esteban Vélez Villegas, 2009. "Los procesos de aglomeración en Colombia a la luz de la Nueva Geografía Económica," Revista ESPE - Ensayos sobre Política Económica, Banco de la Republica de Colombia, vol. 27(58), pages 106-139, August.
    • Handle: RePEc:bdr:ensayo:v:27:y:2009:i:58:p:106-139
    DOI: 10.32468/Espe.5803
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    More about this item

    Keywords

    nueva geografía económica; estructura espacial de salarios; Colombia; potencial de mercado; aglomeraciones;
    All these keywords.

    JEL classification:

    • R10 - Urban, Rural, Regional, Real Estate, and Transportation Economics - - General Regional Economics - - - General
    • R12 - Urban, Rural, Regional, Real Estate, and Transportation Economics - - General Regional Economics - - - Size and Spatial Distributions of Regional Economic Activity; Interregional Trade (economic geography)
    • R23 - Urban, Rural, Regional, Real Estate, and Transportation Economics - - Household Analysis - - - Regional Migration; Regional Labor Markets; Population
    • F12 - International Economics - - Trade - - - Models of Trade with Imperfect Competition and Scale Economies; Fragmentation
    • J30 - Labor and Demographic Economics - - Wages, Compensation, and Labor Costs - - - General

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