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Revisiting Russian war-time import substitution

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  • Simola, Heli

Abstract

We examine recent developments and outcomes from Russia's policies on import substitution and technological sovereignty utilizing official documents, statistical data, and company surveys. While Russian officials proclaim ambitious technological sovereignty targets, the reality is less impressive. Heavy investment in priority sectors in recent years has only delivered limited progress in import substitution, and output has in fact declined and import dependency increased in many industries. Russia remains highly dependent on imports of technological products, particularly sophisticated inputs and machinery.

Suggested Citation

  • Simola, Heli, 2026. "Revisiting Russian war-time import substitution," BOFIT Policy Briefs 4/2026, Bank of Finland Institute for Emerging Economies (BOFIT).
    • Handle: RePEc:zbw:bofitb:342399
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    References listed on IDEAS

    as
    1. Simola, Heli, 2024. "Recent trends in Russia's import substitution of technology products," BOFIT Policy Briefs 5/2024, Bank of Finland Institute for Emerging Economies (BOFIT).
    2. Simola, Heli, 2025. "Russia's ever-increasing economic dependence on China," BOFIT Policy Briefs 10/2025, Bank of Finland Institute for Emerging Economies (BOFIT).
    3. Korhonen, Iikka & Simola, Heli, 2025. "From sanctions to price surges: The dynamics of Russia's import prices," BOFIT Discussion Papers 8/2025, Bank of Finland Institute for Emerging Economies (BOFIT).
    4. Simola, Heli, 2021. "Long-term challenges to Russian economic policy," BOFIT Policy Briefs 11/2021, Bank of Finland Institute for Emerging Economies (BOFIT).
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