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기후변화 대응을 위한 국제사회의 지원체제 비교연구 (Comparative Analysis on Climate Support: Key Findings and Implications)

Author

Listed:
  • Jung , Jione

    (Korea Institute for International Economic Policy)

  • Kwon , Yul

    (Korea Institute for International Economic Policy)

  • Moon , Jin-Young

    (Korea Institute for International Economic Policy)

  • Lee , Juyoung

    (Korea Institute for International Economic Policy)

  • Song , Jihei

    (Korea Institute for International Economic Policy)

Abstract

Korean Abstract: 2020년 이후 전개될 새로운 기후변화 대응체제에 대한 합의가 2015년 말 파리 당사국총회(COP21)에서 도출될 예정이다. 교토의정서 이후 처음으로 법적 성격을 지닌 결과물이 채택된다는 점에서 파리 당사국총회는 기후변화에 관한 국제적 논의에서 매우 중요한 모멘텀으로 작용할 것이 분명하다. 신기후체제의 핵심은 모든 국가가 온실가스 감축 부담을 진다는 점이다. 주요 국가들은 신기후체제 하에서의 감축 목표를 담은 ‘각국이 정한 기여(INDC: intented nationally determined contribution)'를 발표하고 있다. 신기후체제가 성공적으로 안착하는 데 있어 기후재원은 가장 필수적인 요소로 인식된다. 이는 신기후체제 하에서는 선진국뿐만 아니라 개도국도 온실가스 감축에 참여하며, 개도국은 자신들의 실질적인 온실가스 감축을 위해서는 선진국의 지원이 전제되어야 한다고 강하게 주장하고 있기 때문이다. 국제사회는 2020년까지 연간 1,000억 달러 수준으로 기후재원을 확대 조성하기로 합의한 바 있으나, 목표 달성 전망은 불투명하다. 그동안 협약 부속서에서 개도국으로 분류되었던 우리나라는 과거와 다른 국면을 맞이하게 되었다. 온실가스 다배출국으로서 산업계의 부담을 고려하되 G20 위상에 부합하는 감축목표를 수립하고 이에 따른 감축 방식을 모색해야 하는 상황이다. 또한 OECD 개발원조위원회(DAC) 회원국으로서 개도국의 기후변화 대응을 지원해야 하며, GCF 유치국으로서 GCF의 발전을 도모하기 위한 중장기 전략을 수립해야 한다. 이 연구의 목적은 전 지구적 도전과제인 기후변화 문제 해결을 위한 중견국으로서 우리나라가 나아가야할 방향을 제시하는 것이다. 이를 위해 우리나라의 온실가스 감축 및 기후재원 공여 수준을 도출하고 다른 국가와 비교분석을 시도하였다. 또한 협상쟁점과 연계하여 최근 주요 선진국의 개도국 지원전략의 특징과 결정요인을 분석하였다. 이 연구의 결과는 기후변화 협상전략 수립시 우리나라의 대응논리로 활용될 수 있을 것이다. English Abstract: At the 2015 Paris Climate Conference (COP21), the Parties to the UN Framework for Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC) will reach an agreement on a new global climate regime. The agreement, which will come into effect in 2020, is the first agreement with a legally binding character since the Kyoto Protocol. For this reason, the Paris Conference will provide a momentum in the global climate change negotiations. The essence of the new climate regime is that all countries, developed and developing alike, are responsible for reducing greenhouse gas emission to mitigate climate change. As the first step, the Parties have submitted voluntary reduction targets to the UNFCCC, formally called as the "Intended Nationally Determined Contribution (INDC)." Climate finance is deemed as the key for a successful launch of the new climate regime. As mentioned above, while participation from both developed and developing country Parties is absolutely essential, developing country Parties demand that developed country Parties provide substantial financial support for climate action as preconditions. In fact, the global community has agreed on mobilizing 100 billion dollars of climate finance by year 2020. However, meeting the goal seems obscure at the moment. Korea is now facing a new challenge: to minimize the reduction burden imposed on private sector, and to meet the global expectation as a member of the G20. Furthermore, Korea as a member of the OECD Development Assistance Committee (DAC) is expected to provide substantial support to developing countries for them to tackle climate change . Also, as the host country of the Green Climate Fund (GCF) Secretariat, Korea shall seek mid- and long-term strategy that will contribute to the progress of the Fund. In this regard, this study seeks to provide policy direction for Korea in resolving global climate challenge, in consideration of our role as the bridge between the global South and North. The results of the study can be utilized in developing the logical framework in Korea's climate change negotiation strategy.

Suggested Citation

  • Jung , Jione & Kwon , Yul & Moon , Jin-Young & Lee , Juyoung & Song , Jihei, 2015. "기후변화 대응을 위한 국제사회의 지원체제 비교연구 (Comparative Analysis on Climate Support: Key Findings and Implications)," Policy Analyses 15-16, Korea Institute for International Economic Policy.
  • Handle: RePEc:ris:kieppa:2015_016
    DOI: 10.2139/ssrn.2778464
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    Keywords

    Climate Change; Greenhouse Gases; Environmental Policy;
    All these keywords.

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