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The Determinants of Landscape and Cultural Heritage Among Italian Regions in the Period 2004-2019

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  • Leogrande, Angelo
  • Costantiello, Alberto
  • Laureti, Lucio
  • Leogrande, Domenico

Abstract

We estimate the Landscape and Cultural Heritage among Italian regions in the period 2004-2019 using data from ISTAT-BES. We use Panel Data with Fixed Effects, Panel Data with Random Effects, Pooled OLS, WLS, Dynamic Panel. We found that the Landscape and Cultural Heritage is negatively associated with “Dissatisfaction with the landscape of the place of life”, “Illegal building”, “Density and relevance of the museum heritage”, “Internal material consumption”, “Erosion of the rural space due to abandonment”, “Availability of urban green”, and positively associated with “Pressure from mining activities”, “Erosion of the rural space by urban dispersion”, “Concern about the deterioration of the landscape”, “Diffusion of agritourism farms”, “Current expenditure of the Municipalities for culture”. Secondly, we have realized a cluster analysis with the k-Means algorithm optimized with the Silhouette Coefficient and we found two clusters in the sense of “Concern about the deterioration of the landscape”. Finally, we use eight different machine learning algorithms to predict the level of “Concern about the deterioration of the landscape” and we found that the Tree Ensemble Regression is the best predictor.

Suggested Citation

  • Leogrande, Angelo & Costantiello, Alberto & Laureti, Lucio & Leogrande, Domenico, 2021. "The Determinants of Landscape and Cultural Heritage Among Italian Regions in the Period 2004-2019," MPRA Paper 110814, University Library of Munich, Germany.
    • Handle: RePEc:pra:mprapa:110814
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    File URL: https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/110814/1/MPRA_paper_110814.pdf
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Hans Antonson & Philip Buckland & Roger Nyqvist, 2021. "A society ill-equipped to deal with the effects of climate change on cultural heritage and landscape: a qualitative assessment of planning practices in transport infrastructure," Climatic Change, Springer, vol. 166(1), pages 1-22, May.
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    Cited by:

    1. Leogrande, Angelo, 2022. "Healthy Life Expectancy at Birth in the Italian Regions," MPRA Paper 112860, University Library of Munich, Germany.
    2. Leogrande, Angelo, 2022. "Life Expectancy at Birth in the Italian Regions," MPRA Paper 112801, University Library of Munich, Germany.
    3. Leogrande, Angelo, 2022. "The Mental Health Index in the Italian Regions," MPRA Paper 112954, University Library of Munich, Germany.
    4. Laureti, Lucio & Costantiello, Alberto & Leogrande, Angelo, 2022. "Satisfaction with the Environmental Condition in the Italian Regions between 2004 and 2020," MPRA Paper 112460, University Library of Munich, Germany.

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      Keywords

      Environmental Economics; Valuation of Environmental Effects; Pollution Control Adoption and Costs; Sustainability; Government Policy.;
      All these keywords.

      JEL classification:

      • Q50 - Agricultural and Natural Resource Economics; Environmental and Ecological Economics - - Environmental Economics - - - General
      • Q51 - Agricultural and Natural Resource Economics; Environmental and Ecological Economics - - Environmental Economics - - - Valuation of Environmental Effects
      • Q52 - Agricultural and Natural Resource Economics; Environmental and Ecological Economics - - Environmental Economics - - - Pollution Control Adoption and Costs; Distributional Effects; Employment Effects
      • Q56 - Agricultural and Natural Resource Economics; Environmental and Ecological Economics - - Environmental Economics - - - Environment and Development; Environment and Trade; Sustainability; Environmental Accounts and Accounting; Environmental Equity; Population Growth
      • Q58 - Agricultural and Natural Resource Economics; Environmental and Ecological Economics - - Environmental Economics - - - Environmental Economics: Government Policy

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