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Trade facilitation implications of carbon-intensity requirements

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  • OECD

Abstract

Non-product related process and production method measures based on carbon-intensity metrics are increasingly used in trade-related contexts and introduce a systematic reliance on complex emissions data. Their implementation depends on regulatory and technical interoperability to ensure that information is generated, exchanged and verified efficiently. When these requirements are enforced at the border, they create new and multifaceted interactions with border processes, raising operational questions about data transmission, validation and use in clearance and control. Using a trade facilitation lens, this paper examines how carbon-intensity requirements shape the practical functioning of border procedures, drawing on a mapping of existing regulations and policy proposals and their technical interoperability features. The analysis shows that these requirements rely on an ecosystem of actors and a sequenced set of operational steps involving documents, data elements, and information exchange systems. It also identifies potential disruptions in trade facilitation areas and highlights practical entry points for enhanced technical interoperability and alignment.

Suggested Citation

  • Oecd, 2026. "Trade facilitation implications of carbon-intensity requirements," OECD Trade Policy Papers 304, OECD Publishing.
    • Handle: RePEc:oec:traaab:304-en
    DOI: 10.1787/7e1ea963-en
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    JEL classification:

    • F13 - International Economics - - Trade - - - Trade Policy; International Trade Organizations
    • F18 - International Economics - - Trade - - - Trade and Environment
    • Q56 - Agricultural and Natural Resource Economics; Environmental and Ecological Economics - - Environmental Economics - - - Environment and Development; Environment and Trade; Sustainability; Environmental Accounts and Accounting; Environmental Equity; Population Growth
    • Q58 - Agricultural and Natural Resource Economics; Environmental and Ecological Economics - - Environmental Economics - - - Environmental Economics: Government Policy
    • L15 - Industrial Organization - - Market Structure, Firm Strategy, and Market Performance - - - Information and Product Quality

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