Author
Listed:
- Raphaël Jachnik
(OECD)
- Victor Raynaud
(OECD)
Abstract
In order to help address climate finance-related information needs under the UNFCCC, this paper explores the extent to which currently-available secondary data make it possible to estimate private finance mobilised by developed countries for climate action in developing countries. This is done by testing the implementation of two approaches: the first one based on an analysis of an investment-related commercial database, and the second one based on the use of publicly-available private finance leverage ratios. Due to data constraints, the focus is on renewable energy as a sub-set of climate mitigation activities. Volumes of private finance estimated as mobilised under the first approach are very partial, due to limitations of the database used, while the second approach results in highly inaccurate extrapolations due to a current lack of empirically-robust publicly-available private finance leverage ratios. These findings highlight the need for improved primary data collection, in particular by public climate finance providers on private co-finance, building upon the recent progress already achieved by a number of bilateral and multilateral development finance institutions. Further, very careful and transparent use should be made of leverage ratios, as they are highly sensitive to both the underlying calculation methods (e.g. in terms of attribution of mobilised private finance among public actors involved), as well as to core characteristics of public finance that result from varying mandates of development agencies and institutions. In any case, amounts of private finance mobilised by public actors and interventions (and ratios that can be calculated on such basis) should not necessarily be interpreted as reflecting their respective abilities to achieve effective and transformational climate action, which requires monitoring of impacts over time. Afin d’aider à répondre aux besoins d’informations concernant le financement climatique dans le cadre de la CNUCC, ce document explore dans quelle mesure les données secondaires actuellement disponibles rendent possible l’estimation des financements privés mobilisés par les pays développés pour l’action climatique dans les pays en développement. Deux approches sont testées dans ce but : la première faisant usage d’une base de données commerciale de flux d’investissements, et la seconde de ratios d’effet de levier de finance privée rendus publics. Compte tenu des données disponibles, l’étude se concentre sur les énergies renouvelables en tant que sous-ensemble des activités d’atténuation au changement climatique. Les volumes de financement privé estimés comme mobilisés par la première approche sont très partiels du fait des limitations inhérentes à la base de données utilisée, tandis que les extrapolations résultant de la seconde approche sont très inexactes compte tenu du manque actuel de ratios d’effet de levier de finance privée fiables. Ces constats soulignent un besoin de collecte de meilleures données primaires, en particulier par les bailleurs de fonds publics concernant le co-financement privé, en poursuivant les progrès récent déjà réalisés par un certain nombre d’institutions bilatérales et multilatérales de développement. De plus, une utilisation prudente et transparente des ratios d’effet de levier est nécessaire compte tenu de leur grande sensibilité à la méthode de calcul sous-jacente (ex. attribution du financement privé mobilisé entre acteurs publics concernés) et aux caractéristiques clés de la finance publique découlant des différents mandats des agences et institutions de développement. Dans tous les cas, les montants de financement privé mobilisés par les acteurs et interventions publics (ainsi que les ratios pouvant être calculés sur cette base) ne doivent pas être nécessairement interprétés comme reflétant leurs capacités respectives à atteindre des résultats efficaces et transformationnels en termes d’action climatique, ce qui nécessite un suivi des impacts dans le temps.
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JEL classification:
- F21 - International Economics - - International Factor Movements and International Business - - - International Investment; Long-Term Capital Movements
- F53 - International Economics - - International Relations, National Security, and International Political Economy - - - International Agreements and Observance; International Organizations
- G2 - Financial Economics - - Financial Institutions and Services
- O16 - Economic Development, Innovation, Technological Change, and Growth - - Economic Development - - - Financial Markets; Saving and Capital Investment; Corporate Finance and Governance
- O19 - Economic Development, Innovation, Technological Change, and Growth - - Economic Development - - - International Linkages to Development; Role of International Organizations
- Q42 - Agricultural and Natural Resource Economics; Environmental and Ecological Economics - - Energy - - - Alternative Energy Sources
- Q54 - Agricultural and Natural Resource Economics; Environmental and Ecological Economics - - Environmental Economics - - - Climate; Natural Disasters and their Management; Global Warming
- Q56 - Agricultural and Natural Resource Economics; Environmental and Ecological Economics - - Environmental Economics - - - Environment and Development; Environment and Trade; Sustainability; Environmental Accounts and Accounting; Environmental Equity; Population Growth
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