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Trends in productivity and sources of productivity growth in Slovenia

Author

Listed:
  • Urban Sila
  • Hermes Morgavi
  • Jeanne Dall'Orso

    (OECD)

Abstract

Slovenia’s living standards measured in GDP per capita are currently some 20% below the EU15 average and have not yet reached their pre-crisis level. Given that most of this gap comes from differences in labour productivity, the paper looks at productivity trends and sources of productivity growth over past two decades. The largest labour productivity lags are in agriculture and mining and utilities, but lags are also present in services sectors such as information and communication activities, financial and insurance activities and professional services. The importance of the high and medium high technology manufacturing has risen in the last two decades, and their share in total manufacturing value added is relatively high in Slovenia. Growth accounting shows that total factor productivity (TFP) and physical capital were the main sources of economic growth before the crisis in Slovenia, while the contribution of human capital was low. With the crisis, however, the GDP growth turned highly negative due to large drops in TFP and the labour input contribution. The contribution from physical capital was also reduced, reflecting subdued investment activity. Slovenia has a high level of state control in the economy and low foreign direct investment (FDI). Using two different panel datasets – one spanning the OECD countries and another spanning Slovenia's economic activities - we find that improving both measures could significantly raise productivity. Tendances de la productivité et les sources de croissance de la productivité en Slovénie Le niveau de vie de la Slovénie, mesuré en PIB par habitant, est actuellement inférieur d'environ 20% à la moyenne de l'UE15 et n'a pas encore atteint son niveau d'avant crise. Étant donné que la plupart de cet écart provient des différences de productivité du travail, ce document examine les tendances et les sources de croissance de la productivité au cours des deux dernières décennies. Les plus grands décalages de productivité sont présents dans l'agriculture, l’industrie minière, et les services publics. Des retards sont également présents dans certaines activités de services (information et communication, finance et assurance, et les services professionnels). L'importance de la haute et moyenne-haute technologie dans l’industrie manufacturière a augmenté au cours des deux dernières décennies, et leur part dans la valeur ajoutée manufacturière totale est relativement élevé en Slovénie. La comptabilité de la croissance montre que la productivité totale des facteurs (PTF) et le capital physique étaient les principales sources de croissance économique avant la crise en Slovénie, pendant que la contribution du capital humain était faible. Cependant avec la crise, la croissance du PIB est devenue fortement négative en raison de baisses élevées de la PTF et de la contribution du facteur travail. De même la contribution du capital physique a également été réduite, reflétant la faiblesse des investissements. La Slovénie est caractérisée par un haut niveau de contrôle de l'État dans l'économie et peu d’investissements étrangers directs (IED). À l’aide de deux ensembles de données de panel différents - l'un couvrant les pays de l'OCDE et l'autre les activités économiques de la Slovénie - nous constatons que l'amélioration des deux mesures pourrait augmenter significativement la productivité.

Suggested Citation

  • Urban Sila & Hermes Morgavi & Jeanne Dall'Orso, 2017. "Trends in productivity and sources of productivity growth in Slovenia," OECD Economics Department Working Papers 1368, OECD Publishing.
  • Handle: RePEc:oec:ecoaaa:1368-en
    DOI: 10.1787/a6691907-en
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    More about this item

    Keywords

    foreign direct investment; growth accounting; high technology manufacturing; productivity;
    All these keywords.

    JEL classification:

    • E24 - Macroeconomics and Monetary Economics - - Consumption, Saving, Production, Employment, and Investment - - - Employment; Unemployment; Wages; Intergenerational Income Distribution; Aggregate Human Capital; Aggregate Labor Productivity
    • J24 - Labor and Demographic Economics - - Demand and Supply of Labor - - - Human Capital; Skills; Occupational Choice; Labor Productivity
    • O47 - Economic Development, Innovation, Technological Change, and Growth - - Economic Growth and Aggregate Productivity - - - Empirical Studies of Economic Growth; Aggregate Productivity; Cross-Country Output Convergence

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