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Concurrence dans les infrastructures d’intelligence artificielle

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Abstract

L’intelligence artificielle (IA) est une technologie générique en plein essor qui revêt une importance mondiale. Le présent document interroge les questions de concurrence potentiellement posées par les infrastructures physiques sur lesquelles s’appuie le développement de l’IA, en particulier les ressources informatiques telles que les puces avancées. Il explore la structure des chaînes d’approvisionnement de l’IA, recense les principaux acteurs et met en évidence les caractéristiques qui rendent ces marchés vulnérables aux problèmes de concurrence. En outre, il étudie les outils dont disposent les autorités de la concurrence et fait le point sur leur pertinence et leurs limites face aux nouveaux défis. Enfin, il examine dans quelle mesure l’efficacité de la concurrence sur les marchés des infrastructures d’IA repose sur une surveillance étroite des évolutions du marché par les autorités de la concurrence et sur une réponse équilibrée combinant instruments d’application et de promotion du droit de la concurrence.

Suggested Citation

  • Ocde, 2025. "Concurrence dans les infrastructures d’intelligence artificielle," OECD Roundtables on Competition Policy Papers 330, OECD Publishing.
    • Handle: RePEc:oec:dafaac:330-fr
    DOI: 10.1787/680ead55-fr
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    JEL classification:

    • K21 - Law and Economics - - Regulation and Business Law - - - Antitrust Law
    • L40 - Industrial Organization - - Antitrust Issues and Policies - - - General
    • L41 - Industrial Organization - - Antitrust Issues and Policies - - - Monopolization; Horizontal Anticompetitive Practices
    • L42 - Industrial Organization - - Antitrust Issues and Policies - - - Vertical Restraints; Resale Price Maintenance; Quantity Discounts
    • L63 - Industrial Organization - - Industry Studies: Manufacturing - - - Microelectronics; Computers; Communications Equipment
    • O33 - Economic Development, Innovation, Technological Change, and Growth - - Innovation; Research and Development; Technological Change; Intellectual Property Rights - - - Technological Change: Choices and Consequences; Diffusion Processes
    • O34 - Economic Development, Innovation, Technological Change, and Growth - - Innovation; Research and Development; Technological Change; Intellectual Property Rights - - - Intellectual Property and Intellectual Capital

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