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The impact of Artificial Intelligence on productivity, distribution and growth: Key mechanisms, initial evidence and policy challenges

Author

Listed:
  • Francesco Filippucci
  • Peter Gal
  • Cecilia Jona-Lasinio
  • Alvaro Leandro
  • Giuseppe Nicoletti

Abstract

This paper explores the economics of Artificial Intelligence (AI), focusing on its potential as a new General-Purpose Technology that can significantly influence economic productivity and societal wellbeing. It examines AI's unique capacity for autonomy and self-improvement, which could accelerate innovation and potentially revive sluggish productivity growth across various industries, while also acknowledging the uncertainties surrounding AI's long-term productivity impacts. The paper discusses the concentration of AI development in big tech firms, uneven adoption rates, and broader societal challenges such as inequality, discrimination, and security risks. It calls for a comprehensive policy approach to ensure AI's beneficial development and diffusion, including measures to promote competition, enhance accessibility, and address job displacement and inequality.

Suggested Citation

  • Francesco Filippucci & Peter Gal & Cecilia Jona-Lasinio & Alvaro Leandro & Giuseppe Nicoletti, 2024. "The impact of Artificial Intelligence on productivity, distribution and growth: Key mechanisms, initial evidence and policy challenges," OECD Artificial Intelligence Papers 15, OECD Publishing.
    • Handle: RePEc:oec:comaaa:15-en
    DOI: 10.1787/8d900037-en
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    Cited by:

    1. Kroeger Thilo & Schaffranka Claudia & Schnitzer Monika, 2025. "Strukturwandel in den Regionen: Was sich ändert und wie die Politik reagieren sollte," Wirtschaftsdienst, Sciendo, vol. 105(8), pages 546-553.
    2. Minniti, Antonio & Prettner, Klaus & Venturini, Francesco, 2025. "AI innovation and the labor share in European regions," European Economic Review, Elsevier, vol. 177(C).
    3. Rammer, Christian & Doherr, Thorsten & Kinne, Jan & Lenz, David, 2024. "KI-Einsatz in Unternehmen in Deutschland: Strategische Ausrichtung und internationale Position," ZEW Expertises, ZEW - Leibniz Centre for European Economic Research, number 303033.
    4. Bekkers, Eddy & Humphreys, Lee & Kalachyhin, Hryhorii & Wilczynska, Karolina & Zhao, Danchen, 2025. "Through the looking glass: Artificial intelligence, international trade, and economic growth in the long run," WTO Staff Working Papers ERSD-2025-09, World Trade Organization (WTO), Economic Research and Statistics Division.
    5. Anastasios Evgenidis & Apostolos Fasianos, 2025. "AI news shocks and the macroeconomy: evidence from UK patent data," IFS Working Papers W25/48, Institute for Fiscal Studies.
    6. Bouchra Al MAWLA & George M. El KAZZI & Hiba S. OTHMAN, 2025. "Artificial intelligence as a disruptive force in economics: transformations, challenges, and future prospects," Theoretical and Applied Economics, Asociatia Generala a Economistilor din Romania / Editura Economica, vol. 0(2(643), S), pages 87-106, Summer.
    7. Mariniello Mario, 2025. "Efficiency and Distributive Goals in the EU Tech Regulatory Strategy," Intereconomics: Review of European Economic Policy, Sciendo, vol. 60(3), pages 141-148.

    More about this item

    Keywords

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    JEL classification:

    • O15 - Economic Development, Innovation, Technological Change, and Growth - - Economic Development - - - Economic Development: Human Resources; Human Development; Income Distribution; Migration

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