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Repression

Author

Listed:
  • Gerard Padró I Miquel
  • Nancy Qian

Abstract

We develop a conceptual framework of political repression. To motivate why states repress, we introduce the notion of the political project. The proposed framework is used to interpret two known stylized facts: 1) repression is higher in autocracies; and 2) repression has declined since the 1990s. We discuss under-researched aspects of political repression such as migration restrictions, the targeting of repression, and backlash. We conclude by bringing attention to the two main challenges for research on repression: 1) conceptualizing whether a given episode of repression is successful, and 2) the inherent selection problem in empirical measures of repression.

Suggested Citation

  • Gerard Padró I Miquel & Nancy Qian, 2026. "Repression," NBER Working Papers 34926, National Bureau of Economic Research, Inc.
  • Handle: RePEc:nbr:nberwo:34926
    Note: POL
    as

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    JEL classification:

    • P0 - Political Economy and Comparative Economic Systems - - General

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