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A dinâmica do investimento estrangeiro direto realizado pelos Brics (1995-2013)

Author

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  • Giuliano Contento de Oliveira
  • Paulo José Whitaker Wolf

Abstract

Ao longo das últimas décadas, Brasil, Rússia, Índia e China (BRIC) assumiram um papel relevante no âmbito nas relações internacionais, particularmente no que se refere à realização de investimentos estrangeiros diretos (IEDs). Esse grupo de economias, ainda que sob diferentes intensidades, deixou de ser mero receptor de IED para se tornar importante originador dessa modalidade de investimento. Nesse sentido, este trabalho tem o objetivo de explorar a dinâmica do IED realizado pelos BRICs, de sorte a capturar seus principais fatores condicionantes, o seu comportamento, a sua estrutura e os principais destinos ao longo do período 1995-2013. Pôde-se verificar o protagonismo do IED chinês nesse processo, embora os demais países que compõem o grupo tenham aumentado de maneira importante os seus respectivos estoques de IED entre o início e o fim do intervalo considerado. Diferenças também importantes foram verificadas no que diz respeito aos principais fatores condicionantes desses investimentos realizados pelos BRICs, assim como à estrutura e aos destinos mais importantes. Além disso, depois da deflagração da crise global em 2008, essas diferenças se tornaram ainda mais evidentes. O estudo realizado permite concluir, pois, que o êxito desse processo requer iniciativas destinadas a assegurar que as empresas desses países sejam capazes de competir nas mesmas condições que as dos países desenvolvidos em setores estratégicos. Over the past decades, Brazil, Russia, India and China (BRICs) have assumed an important role in international relations, in particular with regard to the foreign direct investment (FDI). This group of economies, albeit under different intensities, ceased to be mere recipients of FDI to become important source of this kind investment. Thus, this study aims to explore the dynamics of the FDI of the BRICs, in order to capture its main conditioning factors, their trajectory, their structure and their major destinations throughout the period 1995-2013. It was verified the Chinese FDI leadership in this process, although the other countries that compose the group have increased in a significant way their respective FDI stocks between the beginning and the end of the considered period. In addition, significant differences were verified with regard to the main determining factors of these investments of BRICs, as well as to its structure and to its most important destinations. Moreover, after the outbreak of the global crisis in 2008 these differences have become even more evident. This study allows concluding, therefore, that the success of this process requires initiatives to ensure that companies in those countries are able to compete on the same conditions as those of the developed countries in strategic sectors.

Suggested Citation

  • Giuliano Contento de Oliveira & Paulo José Whitaker Wolf, 2016. "A dinâmica do investimento estrangeiro direto realizado pelos Brics (1995-2013)," Discussion Papers 2242, Instituto de Pesquisa Econômica Aplicada - IPEA.
  • Handle: RePEc:ipe:ipetds:2242
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