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Previdência Pública Brasileira em uma Perspectiva Internacional: custeio, benefícios e gastos

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  • Milko Matijascic

Abstract

Ao considerar as regras de custeio e benefícios na previdência brasileira e comparar com outros países, é possível afirmar que o debate público atual apresenta teor inexato. O debate em pauta ainda apresenta limites sob a ótica dos direitos sociais. Os países desenvolvidos possuem estruturas trabalhistas favoráveis para elevar o patamar de contribuintes, o que não ocorre nos demais países. Apesar disso, os gastos com idosos cresceram por toda a parte, pois o envelhecimento está em marcha e os segurados possuem poder de mobilização para conter os ímpetos reformistas mais radicais. As pensões por morte e as aposentadorias por invalidez seguem lógicas diferentes e perdem espaço no gasto público, segundo a experiência internacional. No caso de benefícios que se destinam às famílias em situação de vulnerabilidade, os gastos caíram, em geral, nos países desenvolvidos. Já na América Latina e, em menor medida, no BRICS (bloco econômico formado por Brasil, Rússia, Índia, China e África do Sul), houve tendência à elevação dos gastos. Financingand eligibility rules in Brazilian social security, when compared to other countries are inserted on a national debate that presents clear limitations when the focus is turns to social rights. According to the international experience, there are important differences among developed countries and the other ones. Developed countries present a situation based on high contribution rates to social security and such a scenario is not similar in Latin American or BRICS’ countries. To increase coverage there is a need to consolidate universal rights and social assistance initiatives based on cash transfers. Expenditures with old age benefits are growing since the insured are ageing and resist to radical reforms. Nevertheless, survivor and incapacity benefits are presenting decreasing costs. The main difference among developed countries and the other ones are centered in the growing importance focused on social benefits for families, since the first group seems to reduce spending and the other one is raising it.

Suggested Citation

  • Milko Matijascic, 2016. "Previdência Pública Brasileira em uma Perspectiva Internacional: custeio, benefícios e gastos," Discussion Papers 2188, Instituto de Pesquisa Econômica Aplicada - IPEA.
  • Handle: RePEc:ipe:ipetds:2188
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