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Ajuste Fiscal no Brasil: Os Limites do Possível

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  • Sérgio Wulff Gobetti

Abstract

Este texto tem por objetivo qualificar o debate em torno da necessidade de um ajuste fiscal no Brasil, mostrando que a tendência a que se realize – na presente conjuntura, como em outras passadas – um ajuste de baixa qualidade, baseado em corte de investimentos e/ou aumento de carga tributária, é praticamente uma inevitabilidade diante da estrutura da despesa pública, tanto em termos de composição quanto dinâmica. A análise empírica se baseia em uma metodologia de decomposição do resultado primário do governo central com auxílio de informações do Sistema Integrado de Administração Financeira (Siafi), o que permite identificar seus principais vetores determinantes – em termos de receitas e despesas – e investigar melhor o aumento recente das chamadas “outras despesas de custeio e capital” (OCCs). Uma das conclusões prescritivas do texto é que o governo deveria evitar um ajuste muito duro no curto prazo que prejudicasse a retomada do crescimento econômico e priorizar uma agenda de reformas de médio e longo prazo capazes de aperfeiçoar o regime fiscal e sinalizar a possibilidade de melhoras estruturais nos resultados fiscais. This text aims to qualify the debate on the need for fiscal adjustment in Brazil, showing that the trend that takes place - at this conjuncture, as in other past - a low quality setting, based on cutting investments and / or increased tax burden, it is almost inevitable in the face of public expenditure structure, both in terms of composition and dynamics. The empirical analysis is based on a methodology of decomposition of the primary balance of the central government with the help of the Integrated Financial Management System information (Siafi), which identifies its main determinants vectors - in terms of revenue and expenditure - and investigate further the recent increase in so-called “other current and capital expenses” (OCCs). One of prescriptive conclusions of the text is that the government should avoid a hard adjustment in the short term that would undermine the resumption of economic growth and prioritize a medium and long-term reform agenda capable of improving the tax system and signal the possibility of structural improvements in fiscal results.

Suggested Citation

  • Sérgio Wulff Gobetti, 2015. "Ajuste Fiscal no Brasil: Os Limites do Possível," Discussion Papers 2037, Instituto de Pesquisa Econômica Aplicada - IPEA.
  • Handle: RePEc:ipe:ipetds:2037
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    Cited by:

    1. Bernardo Alves Furtado & Isaque Daniel Rocha Eberhardt, 2016. "A Simple Agent-Based Spatial Model of the Economy: Tools for Policy," Journal of Artificial Societies and Social Simulation, Journal of Artificial Societies and Social Simulation, vol. 19(4), pages 1-12.
    2. Afonso, José Roberto Rodrigues & Wulff Gobetti, Sérgio, 2015. "Impactos das reformas tributárias e dos gastos públicos sobre o cresciento e os investimentos: O caso do Brasil," Macroeconomía del Desarrollo 39363, Naciones Unidas Comisión Económica para América Latina y el Caribe (CEPAL).

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