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Gender Equality and Carbon Inequality: Do Social Ideologies Matter?

Author

Listed:
  • Zhang, Haotian

    (Lingnan College, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510275, China)

  • Jamasb, Tooraj

    (Department of Economics, Copenhagen Business School)

  • Nepal, Rabindra

    (School of Business, University of Wollongong, NSW 2522, Australia)

  • Dong, Kangyin

    (School of International Trade and Economics, University of International Business and Economics, Beijing 100029, China)

Abstract

Gender equality and carbon inequality are interrelated and pervasive. However, there is limited evidence on the presence and nature of the causality relationships between gender equality and carbon inequality in the literature. This paper examines how gender equality affects carbon inequality and the underlying mechanisms using a theoretical model analysis with a novel perspective and panel data from 153 countries for the period 2006–2019. We find that gender equality mitigates carbon inequality by alleviating wealth and income disparities with democratization and anti-corruption efforts amplifying its impact. The reduction in carbon inequality and economic inequality stems mainly from the decrease in carbon emissions and the economic share of the wealthy. The benefits of gender equality for the poor are relatively small, while democratization and anti-corruption and efforts strengthen its positive effects on disadvantaged groups.

Suggested Citation

  • Zhang, Haotian & Jamasb, Tooraj & Nepal, Rabindra & Dong, Kangyin, 2025. "Gender Equality and Carbon Inequality: Do Social Ideologies Matter?," Working Papers 11-2025, Copenhagen Business School, Department of Economics.
    • Handle: RePEc:hhs:cbsnow:2025_011
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    JEL classification:

    • C23 - Mathematical and Quantitative Methods - - Single Equation Models; Single Variables - - - Models with Panel Data; Spatio-temporal Models
    • F35 - International Economics - - International Finance - - - Foreign Aid
    • O13 - Economic Development, Innovation, Technological Change, and Growth - - Economic Development - - - Agriculture; Natural Resources; Environment; Other Primary Products
    • P28 - Political Economy and Comparative Economic Systems - - Socialist and Transition Economies - - - Natural Resources; Environment
    • Q55 - Agricultural and Natural Resource Economics; Environmental and Ecological Economics - - Environmental Economics - - - Environmental Economics: Technological Innovation

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