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The Socio-Economic Determinants of the Number of Physicians in Italian Regions

Author

Listed:
  • Angelo Leogrande

    (LUM - Università LUM Giuseppe Degennaro = University Giuseppe Degennaro)

  • Alberto Costantiello

    (LUM - Università LUM Giuseppe Degennaro = University Giuseppe Degennaro)

  • Domenico Leogrande

    (UNIBA - Università degli studi di Bari Aldo Moro = University of Bari Aldo Moro)

Abstract

In the following article, we analyse the determinants of the number of physicians in the context of ISTAT BES-Benessere Equo Sostenibile data among twenty Italian regions in the period 2004-2022. We apply Panel Data with Random Effects, Panel Data with Fixed Effects, and Pooled OLS-Ordinary Least Squares. We found that the number of Physicians among Italian regions is positively associated, among others, to "Trust in the Police and Firefighters", "Net Income Inequality", and negatively associated, among others, to "Research and Development Intensity" and "Soil waterproofing by artificial cover". Furthermore, we apply the k-Means algorithm optimized with the Silhouette Coefficient and we find the presence of two clusters. Finally, we confront eight different machinelearning algorithms to predict the future value of physicians and we find that the PNN-Probabilistic Neural Network is the best predictive algorithm.

Suggested Citation

  • Angelo Leogrande & Alberto Costantiello & Domenico Leogrande, 2023. "The Socio-Economic Determinants of the Number of Physicians in Italian Regions," Working Papers hal-04194435, HAL.
    • Handle: RePEc:hal:wpaper:hal-04194435
    Note: View the original document on HAL open archive server: https://hal.science/hal-04194435v1
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    Cited by:

    1. is not listed on IDEAS
    2. Antonicelli, Margareth & Drago, Carlo & Costantiello, Alberto & Leogrande, Angelo, 2025. "Analyzing Income Inequalities across Italian regions: Instrumental Variable Panel Data, K-Means Clustering and Machine Learning Algorithms," OSF Preprints tk87m_v1, Center for Open Science.
    3. Costantiello, Alberto & Drago, Carlo & Arnone, Massimo & Leogrande, Angelo, 2024. "Regional Research Intensity and ESG Indicators in Italy: Insights from Panel Data Models and Machine Learning," MPRA Paper 124185, University Library of Munich, Germany.

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    Keywords

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    JEL classification:

    • I10 - Health, Education, and Welfare - - Health - - - General
    • I11 - Health, Education, and Welfare - - Health - - - Analysis of Health Care Markets
    • I12 - Health, Education, and Welfare - - Health - - - Health Behavior
    • I14 - Health, Education, and Welfare - - Health - - - Health and Inequality
    • I15 - Health, Education, and Welfare - - Health - - - Health and Economic Development
    • I18 - Health, Education, and Welfare - - Health - - - Government Policy; Regulation; Public Health

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