Exploring the Socioeconomic Conditions of Marginal Farmers: A Case Study of Rangpur District, Bangladesh

This study examines the socioeconomic conditions of marginal farmers in Rangpur District, Bangladesh. This research aims to assess their living conditions, financial stability, and agricultural productivity through a survey of 150 randomly selected farmers. Marginal farmers, constituting approximately 70% of the farming community, play a crucial role in food security and economic stability but face persistent challenges that hinder their progress. The study highlights key demographic and economic factors, including gender, education, land ownership, earnings, and financial conditions. Findings reveal that most farmers are male (93.33%) and middle-aged, with 42.67% having education below the SSC level. A majority (92%) follow farming as a generational occupation, with family sizes typically ranging from 4 to 5 members. About 71.33% have 10-20 years of farming experience, and 72% rely on additional labor. Land ownership is generally limited to 20-30 decimals (40.67%), with daily earnings ranging from 250 to 500 taka (72.67%). Financial constraints are evident, as 65.33% have loans, and only 4.67% possess savings. Despite some improvements in education-64.67% of farmers report their children attend school-significant barriers remain in asset accumulation, income growth, and living standards. The study underscores the need for targeted policy interventions to enhance financial support, education, and access to resources for marginal farmers, ensuring their long-term sustainability and improved livelihoods.