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La contribution des TIC et du présentiel à l'efficacité de la coordination des équipes projets de NPD distribuées

Author

Listed:
  • Sébastien Brion

    (IREGE - Institut de Recherche en Gestion et en Economie - USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry] - Université Savoie Mont Blanc)

  • Caroline Mothe

    (IREGE - Institut de Recherche en Gestion et en Economie - USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry] - Université Savoie Mont Blanc)

  • Céline Perea

    (IREGE - Institut de Recherche en Gestion et en Economie - USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry] - Université Savoie Mont Blanc)

Abstract

Une plus grande distribution géographique et temporelle caractérise depuis une vingtaine d'année les équipes de développement de nouveaux produits (NPD). Certains mettent en avant que cette distribution entrave la coordination de ces équipes, notamment parce qu'elle limite les occasions d'échanges et restreint le recours au présentiel, d'autres consi-dèrent au contraire qu'une coordination par les TIC est tout aussi efficace. Bien que rela-tivement ancien, ce débat n'a jamais fait l'objet de validation empirique sur des projets de NPD. Pour combler ce gap, nous étudions l'influence des médias tant technologiques que non technologiques sur la coordination selon le niveau de distribution des membres des équipes de NPD. Les résultats de la modélisation structurelle avec la méthode PLS indiquent que l'effet des différents médias sur la coordination varie selon le niveau de distribution spatio-temporelle. Ils remettent en question la pertinence des échanges en présentiel lorsque les équipes projets sont très distribuées, équipes pour lesquelles la coordination repose da-vantage sur l'utilisation fréquente des TIC (d'aide à la conception et support de l'organisa-tion des tâches). Aussi cette recherche indique-t-elle que la richesse des supports n'explique pas, à elle seule, l'efficacité des médias utilisés. Nous contribuons aussi à la littérature qui tend à assimiler la distribution au type de média utilisé en montrant que les deux concepts sont différents. ABSTRACT In the last twenty years, new product development (NPD) teams have been characterized by increased spatial and temporal distribution. Some authors assert that this distribution hinders the coordination of these teams, especially because it limits the opportunities for exchange as well as the use of face-to-face dialogue. Other authors consider that coordination through ICT is as effective as face-to-face communication. Although scholars have been debating this point for years, the issue has never been empirically validated in the case of NDP project teams. To fill this gap, we study the influence of technological and non-technological media on coordination by taking into account the distribution level of NPD team members. Results of PLS modelling indicate that the effect of the various media on coordination varies according to the level of spatial and temporal distribution. The results dispute the relevance of face-to-face exchanges when project teams are highly distributed, teams in which coordination is frequently based on the use of ICT (for design support and for task organization). Therefore, this study indicates that the richness of media does not alone explain the media's efficiency. We also contribute to the literature which tends to equate team distribution to the media type by showing that the two concepts are different.

Suggested Citation

  • Sébastien Brion & Caroline Mothe & Céline Perea, 2013. "La contribution des TIC et du présentiel à l'efficacité de la coordination des équipes projets de NPD distribuées," Post-Print hal-01300931, HAL.
  • Handle: RePEc:hal:journl:hal-01300931
    DOI: 10.3917/sim.134.0043
    Note: View the original document on HAL open archive server: https://hal.univ-grenoble-alpes.fr/hal-01300931
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    1. Iván Alfaro, 2014. "Helping Global Software-Development Teams to Overcome the Challenges of Temporal Dispersion and National Diversity: The Importance of Leadership Roles," Palgrave Macmillan Books, in: Frantz Rowe & Dov Te’eni (ed.), Innovation and IT in an International Context, chapter 8, pages 189-210, Palgrave Macmillan.
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