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Le développement durable à la lumière de l’ethnographie

Author

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  • Marieke Blondet

    (LEF - Laboratoire d'Economie Forestière - INRA - Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique - AgroParisTech)

Abstract

L'enquête ethnographique permet d'appréhender la manière dont les communautés censées bénéficier des programmes de développement durable comprennent et s'approprient ces projets, ainsi que ce qu'ils en attendent concrètement. En analysant les contextes locaux, les jeux d'acteurs, leurs pratiques et stratégies politiques, l'ethnographie montre combien le concept de développement durable, tel qu'il est internationalement promu, est déconnecté des réalités du terrain. Deux enquêtes de terrain – la création d'un parc national aux Samoa américaines et la mise en place du réseau Natura 2000 en France – montreront combien les projets de développement durable ignorent souvent les spécificités des contextes locaux et de fait correspondent rarement aux réalités des populations à qui ils sont destinés. L'anthropologie identifie ces ruptures entre la conception et la réalisation concrète et localisée de ces projets. Elle apporte aussi une lecture critique de l'appropriation locale du concept et de sa transformation d'un lieu à l'autre et d'une communauté à l'autre.

Suggested Citation

  • Marieke Blondet, 2011. "Le développement durable à la lumière de l’ethnographie," Post-Print hal-01190587, HAL.
    • Handle: RePEc:hal:journl:hal-01190587
    Note: View the original document on HAL open archive server: https://hal.science/hal-01190587
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Luca Tacconi & Jeff Bennett, 1995. "Biodiversity Conservation: The Process of Economic Assessment and Establishment of a Protected Area in Vanuatu," Development and Change, International Institute of Social Studies, vol. 26(1), pages 89-110, January.
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    Keywords

    anthropologie; développement durable;

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