The impact of the residential sphere on the territorial development (In French)

The residential sphere is developing according to householders localization and revenue. The sphere division (residential, productive and public) is difficult to apply because the frontiers are blurred, but it is useful to take into account new economic evolutions.\r\nThe residential sphere share is growing quickly in the global employment in France since 1990 to the detriment of the of the productive sphere share. This movement exists also in all regions and in numerous employment areas. It is explained by internal factors (productivity, consumption structure) and external factors (international competition). This economy is more important in the South and in the West of France which are more attractive for households. The residential sphere contributes to economic development by numerous employment creations and best ability to resist to globalisation shocks; it leads often to reduction of inequality between territories. But this contribution is limited because productivity growth, wage level and job quality are lowest than in productive sphere. Residential growth cannot be generalized and his future depends of the continuity of growth of householders mobility and public and social budgets. \r\n