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Returns to Scale and Vertical Restraints in a Regulated Industry

Author

Listed:
  • Nakache, Y.
  • Soubeyran, A.

Abstract

This paper revisits, in an environmental context, the vertical restraints literature as developed by Bonanno and Vickers (1988), Gal-Or (1991), Lin (1988) or Nakache and Soubeyran (1998) in an oligopolistic and deterministic situation. This literature considers constant returns to scale at the upstream stage in an unregulated industry (absence of pollution standards) and proves, in this case, the domination (in terms of profits) of a Retail Price Maintenance contract by a Franchise fee contract for each firm. Here, we take account the presence of general returns to scale as well as finite pollution standards (regulation) and show that, contrary to the previous literature, there are several cases where Bertrand duopolistic firms are indifferent between Franchise Fee and Retail Price Maintenance in terms of profits. For the others cases, each firm finds it more interesting to select Franchise fee as usually.

Suggested Citation

  • Nakache, Y. & Soubeyran, A., 2000. "Returns to Scale and Vertical Restraints in a Regulated Industry," G.R.E.Q.A.M. 00a06, Universite Aix-Marseille III.
    • Handle: RePEc:fth:aixmeq:00a06
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    More about this item

    Keywords

    ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION ; ENVIRONMENT ; POLLUTION;
    All these keywords.

    JEL classification:

    • L42 - Industrial Organization - - Antitrust Issues and Policies - - - Vertical Restraints; Resale Price Maintenance; Quantity Discounts
    • L11 - Industrial Organization - - Market Structure, Firm Strategy, and Market Performance - - - Production, Pricing, and Market Structure; Size Distribution of Firms
    • Q28 - Agricultural and Natural Resource Economics; Environmental and Ecological Economics - - Renewable Resources and Conservation - - - Government Policy

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