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Faut-il des règles de politique budgétaire

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Abstract

En raison de la crise des dettes publiques, les projets visant à instaurer des règles budgétaires sont revenus au premier plan. Le document analyse leurs justifications et les spécifications proposées, dans un cadre néo-classique, puis dans un cadre keynésien. Il n'y a aucune preuve que, au cours de la dernière période, les déficits publics ont été causés par de l’indiscipline fiscale et induit des taux d'intérêt trop élevés. Aucune des règles proposées n’est économiquement satisfaisante, c’est-à-dire capable d’indiquer la politique optimale face à tous les chocs. Le papier propose une analyse des expériences de règles budgétaires, nationales (comme la règle d'or au Royaume-Uni) ou européenne (comme le Pacte de stabilité et de croissance) ; il montre qu'ils n’ont pas fonctionné avant et pendant la crise. La dernière section discute du projet européen, le «nouveau pacte budgétaire », qui risque de paralyser les politiques budgétaires et d'empêcher la stabilisation économique. L'urgence aujourd'hui n'est pas d'augmenter la discipline des finances publiques, mais de remettre en question les évolutions économiques qui rendent les déficits publics nécessaires.

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  • Catherine Mathieu & Henri Sterdyniak, 2012. "Faut-il des règles de politique budgétaire," Documents de Travail de l'OFCE 2012-07, Observatoire Francais des Conjonctures Economiques (OFCE).
  • Handle: RePEc:fce:doctra:1207
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    Cited by:

    1. Henri Sterdyniak, 2012. "Ramener à zéro le déficit public doit-il être l’objectif central de la politique économique ?," Sciences Po publications info:hdl:2441/c6t1fl36hv9, Sciences Po.
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    3. Catherine Mathieu & Henri Sterdyniak, 2014. "Peut-on gérer la zone euro ?," Bulletin de l'Observatoire des politiques économiques en Europe, Observatoire des Politiques Économiques en Europe (OPEE), vol. 30(1), pages 3-9, June.
    4. Catherine Mathieu & Henri Sterdyniak, 2021. "Vers une réforme des règles budgétaires dans la zone euro ?," SciencePo Working papers Main hal-03474871, HAL.
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    6. Mohammed Eddaou, 2022. "Economic diplomacy of developed countries and its impact on FDI flows to Morocco [La diplomatie économique des pays développés et son impact sur les flux des IDE au Maroc]," Post-Print hal-03625483, HAL.
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    More about this item

    Keywords

    politique budgétaire; régles budgétaires;

    JEL classification:

    • E62 - Macroeconomics and Monetary Economics - - Macroeconomic Policy, Macroeconomic Aspects of Public Finance, and General Outlook - - - Fiscal Policy; Modern Monetary Theory

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