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Does a Higher Standard of Living Support Traditional Gender Roles in the Labor Market?

Author

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  • Kamala Babayeva Mustafayeva

    (Charles University, Prague, Czechia)

Abstract

This paper examines the relationship between economic development and gender gaps in labor-force participation in Southeastern European countries. Using panel data for nine countries over the period 2000–2023, the study estimates fixed-effects models with Driscoll-Kraay standard errors to analyze how gross national income (GNI) per capita is associated with labor-market gender gaps while controlling for fertility, gender norms, and persistence in past gender gaps. The results indicate a positive and statistically significant relationship between economic development and the gender gap in labor-force participation. Overall, the findings suggest that economic development alone may not necessarily lead to narrower labor-market gender gaps, particularly in contexts characterized by persistent household specialization patterns and traditional gender roles.

Suggested Citation

  • Kamala Babayeva Mustafayeva, 2026. "Does a Higher Standard of Living Support Traditional Gender Roles in the Labor Market?," Working Papers IES 2026/17, Charles University Prague, Faculty of Social Sciences, Institute of Economic Studies, revised Jul 2026.
    • Handle: RePEc:fau:wpaper:wp2026_17
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    Keywords

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    JEL classification:

    • J16 - Labor and Demographic Economics - - Demographic Economics - - - Economics of Gender; Non-labor Discrimination
    • O15 - Economic Development, Innovation, Technological Change, and Growth - - Economic Development - - - Economic Development: Human Resources; Human Development; Income Distribution; Migration
    • J21 - Labor and Demographic Economics - - Demand and Supply of Labor - - - Labor Force and Employment, Size, and Structure

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