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Testing the Effectiveness of Unconventional Monetary Policy in Japan and the United States

Author

Listed:
  • Daisuke Ikeda
  • Shangshang Li
  • Sophocles Mavroeidis
  • Francesco Zanetti

Abstract

Unconventional monetary policy (UMP) may make the effective lower bound (ELB) on the short-term interest rate irrelevant. We develop a theoretical model that underpins our empirical test of this `irrelevance hypothesis,' based on the simple idea that under the hypothesis, the short rate can be excluded in any empirical model that accounts for alternative measures of monetary policy. We test the hypothesis for Japan and the United States using a structural vector autoregressive model with the ELB. We firmly reject the hypothesis but find that UMP has had strong delayed effects.

Suggested Citation

  • Daisuke Ikeda & Shangshang Li & Sophocles Mavroeidis & Francesco Zanetti, 2022. "Testing the Effectiveness of Unconventional Monetary Policy in Japan and the United States," CAMA Working Papers 2022-68, Centre for Applied Macroeconomic Analysis, Crawford School of Public Policy, The Australian National University.
    • Handle: RePEc:een:camaaa:2022-68
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    Cited by:

    1. Sophocles Mavroeidis, 2021. "Identification at the Zero Lower Bound," Econometrica, Econometric Society, vol. 89(6), pages 2855-2885, November.
    2. Aruoba, S. Borağan & Mlikota, Marko & Schorfheide, Frank & Villalvazo, Sergio, 2022. "SVARs with occasionally-binding constraints," Journal of Econometrics, Elsevier, vol. 231(2), pages 477-499.
    3. Xiwen Bai & Jesús Fernández-Villaverde & Yiliang Li & Francesco Zanetti, 2024. "The Causal Effects of Global Supply Chain Disruptions on Macroeconomic Outcomes: Evidence and Theory," Economics Series Working Papers 1033, University of Oxford, Department of Economics.
    4. R. Anton Braun & Daisuke Ikeda, 2025. "Monetary Policy Over the Lifecycle," Review of Economic Dynamics, Elsevier for the Society for Economic Dynamics, vol. 56, April.
    5. Gabriel Arce‐Alfaro & Boris Blagov, 2023. "Monetary Policy Uncertainty and Inflation Expectations," Oxford Bulletin of Economics and Statistics, Department of Economics, University of Oxford, vol. 85(1), pages 70-94, February.
    6. Swaminathan, Anthony, 2021. "Macroeconomic volatility at the zero lower bound: Evidence from the OECD," Economics Letters, Elsevier, vol. 204(C).
    7. Firmin Doko Tchatoka & Qazi Haque, 2024. "Revisiting the Macroeconomic Effects of Monetary Policy Shocks," The Economic Record, The Economic Society of Australia, vol. 100(329), pages 234-259, June.
    8. R. Anton Braun & Daisuke Ikeda, 2022. "Why Aging Induces Deflation and Secular Stagnation," FRB Atlanta Working Paper 2022-12, Federal Reserve Bank of Atlanta.
    9. Masashige Hamano & Philip Schnattinger & Mototsugu Shintani & Iichiro Uesugi & Francesco Zanetti, 2025. "Credit Market Tightness and Zombie Firms: Theory and Evidence," CESifo Working Paper Series 11640, CESifo.
    10. Hiroyuki Kubota & Mototsugu Shintani, 2025. "Macroeconomic effects of monetary policy in Japan: an analysis using interest rate futures surprises," Empirical Economics, Springer, vol. 68(2), pages 783-801, February.
    11. Wataru Hagio & Daisuke Ikeda & Satoshi Kobayashi & Nao Sudo, 2024. "Price Dynamics and Monetary Policy Challenges -- Lessons Learned and Going Forward -- Summary of the 2024 BOJ-IMES Conference," Monetary and Economic Studies, Institute for Monetary and Economic Studies, Bank of Japan, vol. 42, pages 1-32, November.
    12. Kento Tango & Yoshiyuki Nakazono, 2023. "Subjective Monetary Policy Shocks," TUPD Discussion Papers 34, Graduate School of Economics and Management, Tohoku University.
    13. Duffy, James A. & Mavroeidis, Sophocles & Wycherley, Sam, 2025. "Cointegration with occasionally binding constraints," Journal of Econometrics, Elsevier, vol. 252(PA).
    14. Casares, Miguel & Khan, Hashmat & Poutineau, Jean-Christophe, 2020. "The extensive margin and US aggregate fluctuations: A quantitative assessment," Journal of Economic Dynamics and Control, Elsevier, vol. 120(C).
    15. Hamano, Masashige & Zanetti, Francesco, 2022. "Monetary policy, firm heterogeneity, and product variety," European Economic Review, Elsevier, vol. 144(C).
    16. Leonardo Melosi & Francesco Zanetti, 2022. "The Signaling Effects of Fiscal Announcements," Working Paper Series WP 2022-38, Federal Reserve Bank of Chicago.
    17. Qazi Haque & Leandro M. Magnusson & Kazuki Tomioka, 2021. "Empirical Evidence on the Dynamics of Investment Under Uncertainty in the U.S," Oxford Bulletin of Economics and Statistics, Department of Economics, University of Oxford, vol. 83(5), pages 1193-1217, October.
    18. Diaz, Elena Maria & Cunado, Juncal & de Gracia, Fernando Perez, 2024. "Global drivers of inflation: The role of supply chain disruptions and commodity price shocks," Economic Modelling, Elsevier, vol. 140(C).
    19. Hiroyuki Kubota & Mototsugu Shintani, 2023. "Macroeconomic Effects of Monetary Policy in Japan: An Analysis Using Interest Rate Futures Surprises," CARF F-Series CARF-F-555, Center for Advanced Research in Finance, Faculty of Economics, The University of Tokyo.
    20. Hiroyuki Kubota & Mototsugu Shintani, 2020. "High-frequency Identification of Unconventional Monetary Policy Shocks in Japan," CARF F-Series CARF-F-502, Center for Advanced Research in Finance, Faculty of Economics, The University of Tokyo.
    21. Andrea Carriero & Todd E. Clark & Massimiliano Marcellino & Elmar Mertens, 2025. "Forecasting with shadow rate VARs," Quantitative Economics, Econometric Society, vol. 16(3), pages 795-822, July.
    22. Ichiro Muto & Nao Sudo & Shunichi Yoneyama, 2023. "Productivity Slowdown in Japan's Lost Decades: How Much of It Can Be Attributed to Damaged Balance Sheets?," Oxford Bulletin of Economics and Statistics, Department of Economics, University of Oxford, vol. 85(1), pages 159-207, February.
    23. Clara De Luigi & Martin Feldkircher & Philipp Poyntner & Helene Schuberth, 2023. "Quantitative Easing and Wealth Inequality: The Asset Price Channel," Oxford Bulletin of Economics and Statistics, Department of Economics, University of Oxford, vol. 85(3), pages 638-670, June.
    24. Ascari, Guido & Mavroeidis, Sophocles, 2022. "The unbearable lightness of equilibria in a low interest rate environment," Journal of Monetary Economics, Elsevier, vol. 127(C), pages 1-17.
    25. Abhishek Kumar & Sushanta Mallick & Madhusudan Mohanty & Fabrizio Zampolli, 2023. "Market Volatility, Monetary Policy and the Term Premium," Oxford Bulletin of Economics and Statistics, Department of Economics, University of Oxford, vol. 85(1), pages 208-237, February.

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    Keywords

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    JEL classification:

    • E52 - Macroeconomics and Monetary Economics - - Monetary Policy, Central Banking, and the Supply of Money and Credit - - - Monetary Policy
    • E58 - Macroeconomics and Monetary Economics - - Monetary Policy, Central Banking, and the Supply of Money and Credit - - - Central Banks and Their Policies

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