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Role models and migration intentions

Author

Listed:
  • Sandrine Mesplé-Somps

    (IRD, Université Paris-Dauphine, PSL Research University, CNRS, LEDa, DIAL)

  • Björn Nilsson

    (Université Paris-Saclay, DIAL)

Abstract

ENGLISH: Role models—those individuals who resemble us but have achieved more than us— are thought to impact our aspirations. In this paper, we study the impact of role models on intentions to migrate. Specifically, we implement a randomized controlled trial to show documentaries in rural villages of Mali (Kayes region). These documentaries focus on economic opportunities and show either negative or positive portraits of migrants, or portraits of local people who have successfully set up flourishing businesses without ever considering migration. This paper adds to the larger debate about the efficiency of information provision. We find very few significant impacts, none of which hold when attrition is controlled for using non-parametric Lee bounds. We also implement a treatment heterogeneity analysis using a causal forest algorithm, which aside from confirming our average treatment effects suggests the presence of heterogeneity. It appears that individuals with living conditions that could facilitate migration are less likely to be significantly impacted. The high aspirations to improve living conditions, coupled with a strong feeling of lack of control over the future may help explaining the fact that confrontations with real life experiences do not significantly modify average aspirations to migrate.__________________________________ FRENCH: Cet article examine l’impact du processus d’identification à des role model , c’est-à-dire des individus qui nous ressemblent mais qui ont accompli plus que nous, sur les aspirations à migrer. La méthode est une expérimentation randomisée contrôlée. Trois types de documentaires ont été diffusés en milieu rural dans la région de Kayes au Mali, mais tous se concentrent sur les opportunités économiques : deux montrent des portraits négatifs ou positifs de migrants, tandis que le troisième présente des individus originaires de la région étudiée qui ont réussi à créer des entreprises florissantes sans jamais envisager de migrer. De fait, cet article participe au débat plus large sur l’efficacité de la fourniture d’informations. Nous trouvons très peu d’impacts moyens significatifs, dont aucun n’est robuste au contrôle de l’attrition par la méthode non paramétrique de bornes inférieures et supérieures. L’hétérogénéité des impacts est examinée à l’aide d’un algorithme de forêt causale, qui, outre confirme les effets moyens de traitement, suggère la présence d’une hétérogénéité. Il semble que les personnes dont les conditions de vie pourraient faciliter la migration sont moins susceptibles d’être touchées de manière significative par le visionnage des documentaires. Enfin, nous étudions des mécanismes potentiels. Des aspirations élevées à améliorer les conditions de vie, associées à un fort sentiment de manque de contrôle sur l’avenir, sont de possibles facteurs explicatifs au fait que les confrontations avec des expériences de vie réelles ne modifient pas de manière significative les aspirations moyennes à migrer.

Suggested Citation

  • Sandrine Mesplé-Somps & Björn Nilsson, 2020. "Role models and migration intentions," Working Papers DT/2020/13, DIAL (Développement, Institutions et Mondialisation).
  • Handle: RePEc:dia:wpaper:dt202013
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    Cited by:

    1. is not listed on IDEAS
    2. Giacomo Battiston & Lucia Corno & Eliana La Ferrara, 2024. "Informing Risky Migration: Evidence from a field experiment in Guinea," DISCE - Working Papers del Dipartimento di Economia e Finanza def136, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Dipartimenti e Istituti di Scienze Economiche (DISCE).
    3. Erminia Florio, 2025. "Information Campaigns and Migration Perceptions," Journal of Development Studies, Taylor & Francis Journals, vol. 61(5), pages 776-796, May.
    4. Giacomo Battiston & Lucia Corno & Eliana La Ferrara, 2024. "Informing Risky Migration: Evidence from a field experiment in Guinea," RFBerlin Discussion Paper Series 2434, ROCKWOOL Foundation Berlin (RFBerlin).

    More about this item

    Keywords

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    JEL classification:

    • D8 - Microeconomics - - Information, Knowledge, and Uncertainty
    • F22 - International Economics - - International Factor Movements and International Business - - - International Migration
    • O15 - Economic Development, Innovation, Technological Change, and Growth - - Economic Development - - - Economic Development: Human Resources; Human Development; Income Distribution; Migration
    • O55 - Economic Development, Innovation, Technological Change, and Growth - - Economywide Country Studies - - - Africa

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