L’exploitation des hydrocarbures en Algérie : de la richesse à la gouvernance défaillante et à la corruption

To follow the path of economic development, developed countries have long relied, on the income from their natural resources. This is notably the case for Australia (minerals), Canada (oil, minerals) and the United States (oil) but also Germany, France and England (coal). However, there are recent experiences of countries which have based part of their economic development on their natural resources. Examples of Norway (petroleum), Chile (copper ore) and Botswana (diamonds) provide an illustration. Despite these success stories, empirical studies generally show the existence of a negative relationship between their natural resource wealth and their economic growth, known as “Dutch Disease†. Generally, countries with large stocks of natural resources struggle to guarantee sustainable growth of their GDP unlike the other resource-poor countries. With significant oil deposits, is Algeria one of the countries that have fallen into Dutch disease? This contribution will attempt to answer as well as to identify, if applicable, the conditions that led to the appearance of the phenomenon and to propose a solution to get out of it.