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External Liberalization with Ambiguous Public Response: The Experience of Portugal

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  • Braga de Macedo, Jorge

Abstract

This paper reviews the traditional ambiguity of Portuguese policy towards external liberalization. Product and labour markets have become segmented as a result of the soft budget constraint faced by large corporations and job protection in the public sector. Relaxation of entry requirements into banking since 1985 has made it more difficult for the government to use the banks as implicit tax collectors. But the frozen state of banking and a disguised fiscal policy still constrain monetary and exchange rate policy. Until a credible Multi-Annual Fiscal Adjustment Strategy is established, the disinflation necessary to allow active monetary policy and entry into the EMS will not be achieved.

Suggested Citation

  • Braga de Macedo, Jorge, 1990. "External Liberalization with Ambiguous Public Response: The Experience of Portugal," CEPR Discussion Papers 378, C.E.P.R. Discussion Papers.
    • Handle: RePEc:cpr:ceprdp:378
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    Citations

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    Cited by:

    1. Miguel Lebre de Freitas & Miguel de Faria e Castro, 2014. "The Portuguese real exchange rate, 1995-2010: competitiveness or price effects?," NIPE Working Papers 12/2014, NIPE - Universidade do Minho.
    2. Kornai, János & Maskin, Eric & Roland, Gérard, 2022. "A puha költségvetési korlát - I [The soft budget constraint I]," Közgazdasági Szemle (Economic Review - monthly of the Hungarian Academy of Sciences), Közgazdasági Szemle Alapítvány (Economic Review Foundation), vol. 0(1), pages 75-93.
    3. Vahabi, Mehrdad, 2003. "La contrainte budgétaire lâche et la théorie économique [Soft Budget Constraint and Economic Theory]," MPRA Paper 17651, University Library of Munich, Germany.
    4. Nagy, András, 1999. "A dél-európai országok európai integrációja és annak tanulságai I [The European integration of the South-European countries and its lessons Part I]," Közgazdasági Szemle (Economic Review - monthly of the Hungarian Academy of Sciences), Közgazdasági Szemle Alapítvány (Economic Review Foundation), vol. 0(2), pages 176-193.
    5. J. Kornai & E. Maskin & G. Roland, 2004. "Understanding the Soft Budget Constraint," Voprosy Ekonomiki, NP Voprosy Ekonomiki, issue 11.

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