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Las contradicciones entre tecnología y desempleo en los últimos doscientos años en las economías capitalistas de occidente

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  • Manzano, Fernando Ariel

    (Universidad Nacional del Centro de la Provincia de Buenos Aires—)

Abstract

El desempleo es considerado como una de las problemáticas que la teoría económica tiene mayores dificultades en explicar. El desarrollo tecnológico se destaca como un proceso irreversible en la historia de la humanidad. Entre ambos conceptos, existe una paradójica relación de larga data. Mediante un recorrido histórico, este artículo describe la evolución en las tareas laborales, la incorporación de conocimientos al proceso productivo, entre otros fenómenos, haciendo énfasis en los periodos de las revoluciones industriales. Así, su objetivo es dar cuenta del incremento de la complejidad entre cambio tecnológico y desempleo en el tiempo, lo que permite interpretar las previsiones contradictorias que conviven en la actualidad –muy pesimistas y optimistas–, respecto a la sustitución de los trabajadores por las futuras innovaciones tecnológicas.

Suggested Citation

  • Manzano, Fernando Ariel, 2023. "Las contradicciones entre tecnología y desempleo en los últimos doscientos años en las economías capitalistas de occidente," Ensayos de Economía 20908, Universidad Nacional de Colombia Sede Medellín.
    • Handle: RePEc:col:000418:020908
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    More about this item

    Keywords

    desempleo tecnológico; industrialización; revoluciones industriales; estructura laboral; progreso técnico; automatización; technological unemployment; industrialization; industrial revolutions; labor structure; technical progress; automation;
    All these keywords.

    JEL classification:

    • J20 - Labor and Demographic Economics - - Demand and Supply of Labor - - - General
    • J48 - Labor and Demographic Economics - - Particular Labor Markets - - - Particular Labor Markets; Public Policy
    • J50 - Labor and Demographic Economics - - Labor-Management Relations, Trade Unions, and Collective Bargaining - - - General
    • J60 - Labor and Demographic Economics - - Mobility, Unemployment, Vacancies, and Immigrant Workers - - - General
    • J80 - Labor and Demographic Economics - - Labor Standards - - - General

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