Criterios de valoración en contabilidad y su impacto sobre la representación de la realidad económica organizacional[Insides in accounting and its impact on the representation of economic reality organizational]

This paper aims examine the evaluation criteria in accounting and how they involve different representations of organizational economic reality. This reviews historical cost fundamentals, net realizable value, replacement and fair value. The analysis of these methods are based on accounting principles of prudence or conservatism and realization. This is accomplished by understanding and interpreting existing valuation methods. As a result of the examination, we find that the method of valuation better reflects the economic reality of organizations is the historical cost and proposed that it should be adjusted for inflation to recognize the change in the purchasing power of money, being the main criticism that they made different authors this method. It is also considered that the fair value contributes to the speculation in capital markets and does not represent the best value in accounting.