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Geografía del déficit de vivienda urbano: Los casos de Barranquilla y Soledad

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  • Luis Armando Galvis

Abstract

This paper analyzes the housing gap in Barranquilla and Soledad during 1993, 2005 and 2009. Employing the methodology applied by the National Department of Statistics, DANE, for the measurement of the housing gap in 1993 and 2005, the results showed that in the city of Barranquilla the percentage of households without housing gap has been increasing and those in shortage went from being in qualitative to the quantitative housing gap. This may be result of its improvement in public services. The municipality of Soledad shows the majority of households in shortage problems that can be improved, particularly those related to public services. In characterizing households in shortage we modified the methodology by DANE to identify homes that are in the double disadvantage of presenting qualitative and quantitative shortage. From new calculations binomial probit and logit multinominal models were estimated, to establish the nature of the choice of housing. The latter was preferred, first because it allows differentiating the decision of households living in quantitative shortage, qualitative or both. However, the estimations were used as an auxiliary model, given that the alternatives on the choice of a household with quantitative or qualitative shortage are not independent, the statistical tests suggested the estimation of a system of equations in the form of a bivariate probit. The results of the bivariate model suggest that there is a negative relationship between the level of income, education and the age of the head with the likelihood that this home is in shortage; In addition, when the household head is female or is married, the probability of qualitative shortage increases. It is worth mentioning that Barranquilla households are more likely to be in quantitative shortage than the ones from Soledad. RESUMEN: El presente documento analiza el déficit de vivienda en Barranquilla y Soledad durante los anos 1993, 2005 y 2009. Se emplea la metodología aplicada por el DANE para la medición del déficit habitacional. Los resultados muestran que en la ciudad de Barranquilla ha venido aumentado el porcentaje de hogares sin déficit y que aquellos en déficit pasaron de estar en el renglón del cualitativo al cuantitativo. Esto puede ser resultado de su mejoría en la cobertura en servicios públicos. En el municipio de Soledad la mayoría de los hogares en déficit tienen problemas susceptibles de mejorar, especialmente en lo que se refiere a servicios públicos. Con el fin de caracterizar los hogares en déficit, se modificó la metodología del DANE para identificar los hogares que están en la doble desventaja de presentar déficit cuantitativo y cualitativo. A partir de estos nuevos cálculos se utilizaron los modelos probit binomial y logit multinomial, para establecer la naturaleza de la escogencia de la vivienda, prefiriéndose éste último sobre el primero pues permite diferenciar la decisión de los hogares de estar en déficit cuantitativo, cualitativo o en ambos. No obstante, dado que las alternativas sobre la escogencia de un hogar con déficit cuantitativo o cualitativo no son independientes se optó por la estimación de un sistema de ecuaciones en la forma de un probit bivariado. De los resultados del modelo bivariado se concluye que existe una relación negativa entre el nivel de ingresos, la educación y la edad del jefe con la probabilidad que el hogar este en déficit; además, cuando en el hogar el jefe es mujer o el jefe tiene pareja, la probabilidad de encontrarse en déficit cualitativo aumenta. Cabe resaltar que los hogares de Barranquilla tienen una mayor probabilidad de encontrarse en déficit cuantitativo que los de Soledad.

Suggested Citation

  • Luis Armando Galvis, 2011. "Geografía del déficit de vivienda urbano: Los casos de Barranquilla y Soledad," Documentos de Trabajo Sobre Economía Regional y Urbana 8046, Banco de la República, Economía Regional.
  • Handle: RePEc:col:000102:008046
    DOI: 10.32468/dtseru.138
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    Cited by:

    1. Gerson Javier Pérez Valbuena, 2013. "Barranquilla: avances recientes en sus indicadores socioeconómicos, y logros en la accesibilidad geográfica a la red pública hospitalaria," Documentos de trabajo sobre Economía Regional y Urbana 185, Banco de la Republica de Colombia.

    More about this item

    Keywords

    Déficit de vivienda; economía regional; econometría; probit bivariado; economic geography.;
    All these keywords.

    JEL classification:

    • R21 - Urban, Rural, Regional, Real Estate, and Transportation Economics - - Household Analysis - - - Housing Demand
    • C35 - Mathematical and Quantitative Methods - - Multiple or Simultaneous Equation Models; Multiple Variables - - - Discrete Regression and Qualitative Choice Models; Discrete Regressors; Proportions
    • R11 - Urban, Rural, Regional, Real Estate, and Transportation Economics - - General Regional Economics - - - Regional Economic Activity: Growth, Development, Environmental Issues, and Changes

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