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The Fiscal Cost of Conflict: Evidence from La Violencia in Colombia

Author

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  • Diana Ricciulli-Marín

Abstract

his paper studies the effect of internal conflict on local fiscal capacity using evidence from Colombia’s political conflict in the mid-20th century, better known as La Violencia. Following a difference-in-differences strategy, I find that internal conflict has negative long-term consequences in local fiscal capacity. More precisely, municipalities affected by La Violencia experienced an average reduction of 10.3% in their tax revenue and a fall of 2.8 percentage points on their ratio of taxes to total revenue. Effects lasted for more than a decade and are only partially explained by a population and economic activity downturn. These results are consistent with previous evidence indicating a negative effect of violence on tax collection efficiency at the local level. ****** Este trabajo estudia el impacto del conflicto interno en la capacidad fiscal de los gobiernos locales usando evidencia del conflicto político de mediados de siglo XX en Colombia, más conocido como La Violencia. Usando una estrategia de diferencia-en-diferencias, se encuentra que el conflicto interno genera consecuencias negativas y significativas de largo plazo en la capacidad fiscal local. En particular, los resultados senalan que los municipios afectados por La Violencia experimentaron una reducción promedio de 10,3% en el recaudo de impuestos y una caída de 2,8 puntos porcentuales en la proporción de impuestos sobre ingresos totales. Estos efectos se mantienen por más de una década y son solo parcialmente explicados por las menores dinámicas económicas y poblacionales de la época. En general, los hallazgos son consistentes con evidencia previa que senala efectos negativos de la violencia en la eficiencia en el recaudo de impuestos a nivel territorial.

Suggested Citation

  • Diana Ricciulli-Marín, 2020. "The Fiscal Cost of Conflict: Evidence from La Violencia in Colombia," Cuadernos de Historia Económica 18576, Banco de la República, Economía Regional.
  • Handle: RePEc:col:000101:018576
    DOI: 10.32468/chee.53
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    JEL classification:

    • D74 - Microeconomics - - Analysis of Collective Decision-Making - - - Conflict; Conflict Resolution; Alliances; Revolutions
    • H20 - Public Economics - - Taxation, Subsidies, and Revenue - - - General
    • N26 - Economic History - - Financial Markets and Institutions - - - Latin America; Caribbean

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