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Administración pública en América Latina: promesas, frustraciones, y nuevas búsquedas

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  • Bernardo Kliksberg

Abstract

RESUMEN La administración pública enfrenta grandes desafíos en América Latina, un continente con gran potencial económico pero con 44% de la población viviendo en condiciones de pobreza. Una de las causas de la inequidad es que mientras el 10% de los más ricos se apropia del 48% del ingreso nacional, al 10% de los más pobres les corresponde solamente el 1.6%. Las rígidas políticas ortodoxas aplicadas en los ochenta y noventa, que tenían entre sus objetivos disminuir el tamaño del Estado, han generado desesperanza y empeorado la situación de pobreza y desigualdad. Hoy, de acuerdo con las encuestas, los ciudadanos exigen que la administración pública recupere su papel protagónico junto a la sociedad civil: poner en práctica políticas públicas dinámicas, transparentes y bien manejadas, con un fuerte énfasis social. El artículo analiza las reformas del Estado realizadas en las décadas pasadas, sus resultados dudosos, las nuevas demandas sociales y los grandes desafíos que se plantean a la región: cómo construir un estado inteligente y equitativo que permita recuperar la deteriorada cohesión social. ABSTRACT Public administration faces great challenges in Latin America, a continent with great economic potential, but with 44 percent of the population in poverty. One of the causes is inequality: whereas 10 percent of the richest possess 48 percent of the national income, 10 percent of the poorest possess only 1.6 percent. There is disillusionment with the rigid orthodox policies applied in the 1980s and 1990s, one of whose objectives was the downsizing of the state; such policies worsened poverty and inequality. Today, according to surveys, the citizenry demands that public administration return to fulfilling an important role associated with civil society: implement active, transparent and well-managed public policies with a strong social emphasis. The article analyzes state reforms made in the past decades, their uncertain results, new social demands and the great challenge that is raised in the region: how to build an intelligent and equitable state that serves to recover the social cohesion that has deteriorated.

Suggested Citation

  • Bernardo Kliksberg, 2005. "Administración pública en América Latina: promesas, frustraciones, y nuevas búsquedas," Economía, Gestión y Desarrollo 1946, Universidad Javeriana - Cali.
  • Handle: RePEc:col:000097:001946
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    More about this item

    Keywords

    administración pública; reformas al Estado; América Latina;
    All these keywords.

    JEL classification:

    • H1 - Public Economics - - Structure and Scope of Government
    • H7 - Public Economics - - State and Local Government; Intergovernmental Relations
    • O2 - Economic Development, Innovation, Technological Change, and Growth - - Development Planning and Policy

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