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La Agricultura en Colombia entre 1950 y 2000

Author

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  • Salomón Kalmanovitz

  • Enrique López

Abstract

La segunda Rep�blica conservadora, que se inicia con el gobierno de Ospina P�rez en 1946 y culmina con el derrocamiento de Rojas Pinilla en 1957, tom� los elementos del control de cambios legados por la crisis de los a�os treinta y consolid� las bases de un modelo de desarrollo econ�mico que se torn� en una pol�tica de Estado durante la mayor parte del siglo XX. La administraci�n Ospina (1946-1950) aument� los aranceles sobre las importaciones tanto de bienes industriales como agr�colas, erigiendo uno de los pilares del modelo econ�mico de la administraci�n de Laureano G�mez, ya bajo una orientaci�n corporativa inspirada por la Espa�a franquista. El control de cambios fue otra herramienta fundamental que sirvi� para imponerle a todas las empresas, ellas mismas protegidas, que hicieran sus compras de materias primas a proveedores nacionales3. Los beneficiados por la protecci�n eran escogidos por el gobierno de turno, adjudic�ndoles un subsidio contenido en el exceso del precio interno sobre el precio internacional del bien que permit�a un arancel promedio del 40%, pagado inconscientemente por sus consumidores. La protecci�n se convert�a en un impuesto invisible que aumentaba la rentabilidad de las actividades que florec�an bajo su manto, al tiempo que aumentaban los ingresos del gobierno sin tener que recurrir a la tributaci�n transparente de sus ciudadanos.
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Suggested Citation

  • Salomón Kalmanovitz & Enrique López, 2003. "La Agricultura en Colombia entre 1950 y 2000," Borradores de Economia 255, Banco de la Republica de Colombia.
  • Handle: RePEc:bdr:borrec:255
    DOI: 10.32468/be.255
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    Cited by:

    1. Jean-Paul Faguet & Fabio SÔøΩnchez & Marta-Juanita Villaveces, 2015. "Land Reform, Latifundia and Social Development at Local Level in Colombia, 1961-2010," Documentos de Trabajo 12503, Universidad del Rosario.
    2. Pascual Amézquita Zárate, 2010. "Aspectos Económicos del Gobierno de Carlos Lleras Restrepo. (Colombia, 1966-1970)," Revista Civilizar, Universidad Sergio Arboleda, vol. 0(0), pages 1.

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