Author
Listed:
- Mauricio Villamizar-Villegas
- Oscar Mauricio Valencia-Arana
- Andrés Felipe Prado
- Nicolás Aya
Abstract
Fiscal stance and sovereign credibility shape monetary policy transmission even outside fiscal dominance. Using a panel of advanced and emerging economies since the mid-1990s, we show that sovereign-risk regimes differ less by headline debt than by borrowing costs, debt composition, and interest burdens. Elevated sovereign risk weakens the transmission of monetary policy, foreign-exchange intervention, macroprudential tools, and capital-flow measures to prices, exchange rates, and output. A small open-economy model with a fiscal block can rationalize these patterns. Emerging markets operate under tighter fiscal constraints, rely more on multi-instrument configurations, and face a narrower stabilization frontier, including cases in which conventional tightening loses its disinflationary effect. *** RESUMEN: La posición fiscal y la credibilidad soberana condicionan la transmisión de la política monetaria incluso en ausencia de dominancia fiscal. Utilizando un panel de economías avanzadas y emergentes desde mediados de la década de 1990, mostramos que los regímenes de riesgo soberano difieren menos por los niveles de deuda pública que por los costos de financiamiento, la composición de la deuda y la carga de intereses. Un mayor riesgo soberano debilita la transmisión de la política monetaria, la intervención cambiaria, las medidas macroprudenciales y los controles a los flujos de capital sobre los precios, el tipo de cambio y la actividad económica. Un modelo de economía pequeña y abierta con un bloque fiscal permite racionalizar estos resultados. Las economías emergentes operan bajo restricciones fiscales más estrechas, dependen en mayor medida de combinaciones de instrumentos y enfrentan una frontera de estabilización más limitada, incluyendo episodios en los que un endurecimiento monetario convencional pierde su efecto desinflacionario.
Suggested Citation
Mauricio Villamizar-Villegas & Oscar Mauricio Valencia-Arana & Andrés Felipe Prado & Nicolás Aya, 2026.
"Monetary Policy under Fiscal Risk,"
Borradores de Economia
1373, Banco de la Republica de Colombia.
Handle:
RePEc:bdr:borrec:1373
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JEL classification:
- E52 - Macroeconomics and Monetary Economics - - Monetary Policy, Central Banking, and the Supply of Money and Credit - - - Monetary Policy
- E62 - Macroeconomics and Monetary Economics - - Macroeconomic Policy, Macroeconomic Aspects of Public Finance, and General Outlook - - - Fiscal Policy; Modern Monetary Theory
- F31 - International Economics - - International Finance - - - Foreign Exchange
- F34 - International Economics - - International Finance - - - International Lending and Debt Problems
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