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Hechos Complementarios sobre el Ciclo Económico en Colombia: Una Perspectiva desde el Ciclo de Crecimiento

Author

Listed:
  • Diego Vásquez-Escobar

Abstract

Este estudio caracteriza la dinámica del ciclo económico colombiano desde el enfoque de ciclo de crecimiento mediante herramientas que fortalecen la anticipación y el diagnóstico para la política económica. Se construye un índice de difusión agregado cíclico (IDA*) a partir de componentes cíclicos wavelet de 41 series usando el filtro biortogonal 17/11, y se fechan las fases de mayores brechas respecto a la tendencia mediante el algoritmo no paramétrico CFEAT, adecuado para series sin tendencia y centradas en cero. La descomposición multiescala separa oscilaciones de alta frecuencia, cíclicas y tendenciales, y describe cada episodio en términos de duración, amplitud, energía y persistencia, aportando insumos para la vigilancia temprana y la calibración temporal de la política macroeconómica. Los resultados muestran que las cronologías de crecimiento del PIB y del IDA* registran contracciones más largas y expansiones más cortas que las cronologías clásicas en niveles, y que el IDA* anticipa el componente cíclico del PIB. Además, las fases 1987–1989 (IDA*) y 1990–1993 (PIB), ausentes en la cronología clásica, exhiben persistencia bajo la descomposición multiescala. Finalmente, la ausencia de evidencia de dependencia de duración indica que episodios pico-valle prolongados —como el del PIB de 14 trimestres— no son improbables. En conjunto, los hallazgos introducen hechos nuevos y fortalecen la anticipación macroeconómica. ***ABSTRACT: This study characterizes the dynamics of the Colombian business cycle from a growth cycle perspective using techniques not previously applied in the national literature and directly relevant for macroeconomic monitoring and policy design. A cyclic aggregate diffusion index (IDA*) is constructed from the wavelet based cyclical components of 41 series using the biorthogonal 17/11 multiresolution filter, and the phases of largest deviations from trend are dated using the nonparametric CFEAT algorithm, which requires detrended and mean centered series. The multiscale decomposition separates high frequency noise, cyclical oscillations, and trend movements, providing an anatomy of each episode in terms of duration, amplitude, energy, and persistence, and offering inputs for early warning surveillance and timely policy calibration. The results show that the growth cycle chronologies of GDP and IDA* display longer contractions and shorter expansions than their classical level based counterparts, and that IDA* systematically anticipates the cyclical component of GDP. Moreover, the 1987–1989 (IDA*) and 1990–1993 (GDP) phases—absent from the classical chronology—exhibit clear persistence under the multiscale decomposition. Finally, the absence of duration dependence indicates that prolonged episodes—such as the 14 quarter GDP peak to trough—cannot be ruled out. Overall, the findings introduce new stylized facts and strengthen macroeconomic diagnostic and anticipatory capacity.

Suggested Citation

  • Diego Vásquez-Escobar, 2026. "Hechos Complementarios sobre el Ciclo Económico en Colombia: Una Perspectiva desde el Ciclo de Crecimiento," Borradores de Economia 1352, Banco de la Republica de Colombia.
  • Handle: RePEc:bdr:borrec:1352
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    JEL classification:

    • C22 - Mathematical and Quantitative Methods - - Single Equation Models; Single Variables - - - Time-Series Models; Dynamic Quantile Regressions; Dynamic Treatment Effect Models; Diffusion Processes
    • C32 - Mathematical and Quantitative Methods - - Multiple or Simultaneous Equation Models; Multiple Variables - - - Time-Series Models; Dynamic Quantile Regressions; Dynamic Treatment Effect Models; Diffusion Processes; State Space Models
    • C43 - Mathematical and Quantitative Methods - - Econometric and Statistical Methods: Special Topics - - - Index Numbers and Aggregation
    • E27 - Macroeconomics and Monetary Economics - - Consumption, Saving, Production, Employment, and Investment - - - Forecasting and Simulation: Models and Applications
    • E32 - Macroeconomics and Monetary Economics - - Prices, Business Fluctuations, and Cycles - - - Business Fluctuations; Cycles
    • E44 - Macroeconomics and Monetary Economics - - Money and Interest Rates - - - Financial Markets and the Macroeconomy

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