Author
Listed:
- Oscar Iván Ávila-Montealegre
- Anderson Grajales-Olarte
- Juan J. Ospina-Tejeiro
- Mario A. Ramos-Veloza
Abstract
We analyze the macroeconomic effects of reducing gender wage discrimination in Colombia using a small open-economy general equilibrium model with male and female agents that decide jointly over market and home production. Closing the gender gap raises GDP and consumption by increasing female earnings, aggregate labor supply, and investment. The size of these gains depends critically on the substitutability between male and female labor in market and home activities. When reductions in discrimination are implemented through fiscal policy and financed with distortionary taxes, the resulting gains are substantially smaller. This highlights a key policy trade-off: while reducing discrimination promotes growth, the financing mechanism can dampen its benefits, particularly when funding relies on taxes on male labor income. Finally, intrahousehold risk-sharing emerges as an important amplification channel; in its absence, the gains from reducing wage discrimination are substantially reduced. *****RESUMEN: Analizamos los efectos macroeconómicos de reducir la discriminación salarial por género en Colombia mediante un modelo de equilibrio general de pequeña economía abierta con agentes masculinos y femeninos que deciden conjuntamente sobre la producción de mercado y doméstica. La eliminación de la brecha de género eleva el PIB y el consumo al incrementar los ingresos femeninos, la oferta laboral agregada y la inversión. La magnitud de estas ganancias depende críticamente del grado de sustituibilidad entre el trabajo masculino y femenino en las actividades de mercado y domésticas. Cuando la reducción de la discriminación se implementa mediante política fiscal y se financia con impuestos distorsionadores, los beneficios resultantes son sustancialmente menores. Esto revela una disyuntiva política fundamental: si bien reducir la discriminación fomenta el crecimiento, el mecanismo de financiación puede atenuar sus beneficios, especialmente cuando se basa en impuestos sobre la renta laboral masculina. Finalmente, el reparto de riesgos en el hogar es un canal de amplificación relevante; en su ausencia, las ganancias derivadas de reducir la discriminación salarial disminuyen considerablemente.
Suggested Citation
Oscar Iván Ávila-Montealegre & Anderson Grajales-Olarte & Juan J. Ospina-Tejeiro & Mario A. Ramos-Veloza, 2026.
"Macroeconomic Effects of Reducing the Gender Pay Gap in an Emerging Economy,"
Borradores de Economia
1342, Banco de la Republica de Colombia.
Handle:
RePEc:bdr:borrec:1342
DOI: 10.32468/be.1342
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Keywords
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JEL classification:
- J16 - Labor and Demographic Economics - - Demographic Economics - - - Economics of Gender; Non-labor Discrimination
- E24 - Macroeconomics and Monetary Economics - - Consumption, Saving, Production, Employment, and Investment - - - Employment; Unemployment; Wages; Intergenerational Income Distribution; Aggregate Human Capital; Aggregate Labor Productivity
- H31 - Public Economics - - Fiscal Policies and Behavior of Economic Agents - - - Household
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