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Heterogeneous UIPDs across Firms: Spillovers from U.S. Monetary Policy Shocks

Author

Listed:
  • Miguel Acosta-Henao

    (CENTRAL BANK OF CHILE)

  • María Alejandra Amado

    (BANCO DE ESPAÑA)

  • Montserrat Martí

    (CENTRAL BANK OF CHILE)

  • David Pérez-Reyna

    (UNIVERSIDAD DE LOS ANDES)

Abstract

This paper investigates the granular transmission of U.S. monetary policy shocks to deviations from the uncovered interest rate parity (UIPDs) in emerging economies. Using a comprehensive dataset from Chile that accounts for firm-bank relationships and the time-variant characteristics of both firms and banks, we uncover several key findings: (1) Shocks to the federal funds rate (FFR) increase banks’ costs of foreign borrowing. (2) These higher credit costs disproportionately affect small firms, raising their UIPDs more than for large firms. (3) This size-differentiated impact stems from the relatively higher interest rates on domestic currency loans faced by small firms. (4) In contrast, interest rates on dollar-denominated loans respond homogeneously across all firms. (5) We find no differential effect on loan quantities, suggesting an active role of credit supply and demand. We rationalize these findings with a small open economy model of corporate default that incorporates heterogeneous firms borrowing from domestic banks in both foreign and domestic currencies. In our model, a higher FFR reduces the marginal cost of defaulting on domestic-currency debt for small firms more than for large firms.

Suggested Citation

  • Miguel Acosta-Henao & María Alejandra Amado & Montserrat Martí & David Pérez-Reyna, 2025. "Heterogeneous UIPDs across Firms: Spillovers from U.S. Monetary Policy Shocks," Working Papers 2530, Banco de España.
  • Handle: RePEc:bde:wpaper:2530
    DOI: https://doi.org/10.53479/40345
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    Keywords

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    JEL classification:

    • E43 - Macroeconomics and Monetary Economics - - Money and Interest Rates - - - Interest Rates: Determination, Term Structure, and Effects
    • E44 - Macroeconomics and Monetary Economics - - Money and Interest Rates - - - Financial Markets and the Macroeconomy
    • F30 - International Economics - - International Finance - - - General
    • F41 - International Economics - - Macroeconomic Aspects of International Trade and Finance - - - Open Economy Macroeconomics

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