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Analysis of Productivity in Costa Rica: a Microeconomic Approach

Author

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  • Melissa Vega-Monge

    (Department of Economic Research, Central Bank of Costa Rica)

  • Susan Jiménez-Montero

    (Department of Economic Research, Central Bank of Costa Rica)

Abstract

This paper analyzes the evolution of productivity of the formal sector in Costa Rica using microdata for the period 2005-2021. Manufacturing, wholesale and retail trade, and agricultural sectors are examined with special emphasis. Our results suggest that total factor productivity (TFP) has exhibited an upward trend since 2015. According to our estimations, firms in manufacturing and those under the Free Trade Zone regime have boosted productivity growth in recent years. However, productivity growth does not seem to be explained by a single economic sector. Similar to our findings in manufacturing, trade and agriculture show a dynamic where firms that experienced increases in their productivity are also the ones increasing their market share, a signal of efficiency. Finally, the estimated productivity exhibits desirable characteristics: it is positively correlated with firms´ export status, the degree of technological sophistication, and the level of socio-economic development and competitiveness of Costa Rica's municipalities. ***Resumen: Este artículo analiza la evolución de la productividad del sector formal en Costa Rica con el uso de microdatos para el período 2005-2021. Se examinan con especial énfasis las actividades de la manufactura, mayorista y minorista y agrícola. Los resultados sugieren que la productividad total de los factores (PTF) ha mostrado una tendencia ascendente desde 2015. las empresas manufactureras y aquellas bajo el régimen de Zona Franca han impulsado el crecimiento de la productividad en los últimos años. Sin embargo, el crecimiento de la productividad no parece explicarse por una única actividad económica. El comercio y la agricultura muestran una dinámica en la que las empresas que experimentaron aumentos en su productividad son también las que aumentan su participación de mercado, una señal de eficiencia. Finalmente, la productividad estimada exhibe características deseables: está positivamente correlacionada con el estatus exportador de las empresas, el grado de sofisticación tecnológica y el nivel de desarrollo socioeconómico y la competitividad de los municipios de Costa Rica.

Suggested Citation

  • Melissa Vega-Monge & Susan Jiménez-Montero, 2023. "Analysis of Productivity in Costa Rica: a Microeconomic Approach," Documentos de Trabajo 2309, Banco Central de Costa Rica.
  • Handle: RePEc:apk:doctra:2309
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    File URL: https://repositorioinvestigaciones.bccr.fi.cr/handle/20.500.12506/390
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    Keywords

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    JEL classification:

    • D24 - Microeconomics - - Production and Organizations - - - Production; Cost; Capital; Capital, Total Factor, and Multifactor Productivity; Capacity
    • O1 - Economic Development, Innovation, Technological Change, and Growth - - Economic Development
    • O4 - Economic Development, Innovation, Technological Change, and Growth - - Economic Growth and Aggregate Productivity

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