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The Effects of Joining Multinational Supply Chains: New Evidence from Firm-to-Firm Linkages

Author

Listed:
  • Alonso Alfaro-Ureña

    (Economic Division, Central Bank of Costa Rica)

  • Isabela Manelici

    (London School of Economics)

  • José Pablo Vásquez-Carvajal

    (London School of Economics)

Abstract

This paper investigates the effects of becoming a supplier to multinational corporations (MNCs) using administrative data tracking all firm-to-firm transactions in Costa Rica. Event-study estimates reveal that after starting to supply to MNCs, domestic firms experience strong and persistent improvements in performance, including the expansion of their workforce by 26% and gains in standard measures of total factor productivity (TFP) of 6-9% four years after. Moreover, the sales of domestic firms to buyers other than the first MNC buyer grow by 20%, both through a larger number of buyers and larger sales per buyer. We propose a simple model by which TFP and reputation affect the number of buyers, but TFP alone affects sales conditional on buying. We find a model-based increase in TFP of 3% four years after. Finally, we collect survey data from managers in both domestic firms and MNCs for further insights on mechanisms. Our surveys suggest that becoming suppliers to MNCs is transformative for domestic firms, with changes ranging from new managerial practices to better reputation. *** Resumen: Este artículo investiga los efectos de convertirse en un proveedor de corporaciones multinacionales (MNC) mediante el uso de información administrativa que registra todas las transacciones entre empresas en Costa Rica. Los estimados de “estudio de evento” revelan que posterior al inicio de una relación de proveeduría con MNC, las empresas domésticas experimentan una mejora fuerte y persistente en desempeño, incluyendo una expansión en su fuerza de trabajo de 26% y mejoras en las medidas convencionales de productividad total de los factores (PTF) de 6-9% cuatro años después de iniciada esta relación. Adicionalmente, las ventas a otras empresas distintas a la primer MNC crecen un 20%, tanto por un incremento de compradores como por un mayor nivel de ventas por comprador. Proponemos un modelo simple en el que la PTF y la reputación afectan el número de compradores, pero solamente la PTF afecta las ventas condicionado a la compra. Encontramos un incremento en PTF basado en el modelo de 3% cuatro años después de iniciada la relación. Finalmente, recolectamos información de encuestas a gerentes de empresas locales y MNC para tener una mejor visión de los mecanismos. Las encuestas sugieren que convertirse en proveedor de una MNC es un evento transformador para las empresas domésticas, con cambios que abarcan desde nuevas prácticas gerenciales hasta mejoras en la reputación.

Suggested Citation

  • Alonso Alfaro-Ureña & Isabela Manelici & José Pablo Vásquez-Carvajal, 2019. "The Effects of Joining Multinational Supply Chains: New Evidence from Firm-to-Firm Linkages," Documentos de Trabajo 1902, Banco Central de Costa Rica.
  • Handle: RePEc:apk:doctra:1902
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    File URL: https://repositorioinvestigaciones.bccr.fi.cr/handle/20.500.12506/313
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    Keywords

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    JEL classification:

    • F14 - International Economics - - Trade - - - Empirical Studies of Trade
    • F23 - International Economics - - International Factor Movements and International Business - - - Multinational Firms; International Business
    • F61 - International Economics - - Economic Impacts of Globalization - - - Microeconomic Impacts
    • O12 - Economic Development, Innovation, Technological Change, and Growth - - Economic Development - - - Microeconomic Analyses of Economic Development
    • D22 - Microeconomics - - Production and Organizations - - - Firm Behavior: Empirical Analysis
    • D24 - Microeconomics - - Production and Organizations - - - Production; Cost; Capital; Capital, Total Factor, and Multifactor Productivity; Capacity

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