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Contributing Factors to Rural Energy Use, Costs, and Affordability in the Early 2020s

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  • Winikoff, Justin B.
  • Kamen, Hannah
  • Winkler, Richelle L.

Abstract

Affordable access to energy is critical for economic and physical welfare. This report draws largely on data from the U.S. Department of Energy’s 2020 Residential Energy Consumption Survey to study energy affordability in the rural United States, focusing on household costs and factors contributing to energy affordability. Rural households spend more of their income on home energy use than their urban counterparts. This disparity is driven primarily by differences in heating costs. Several factors explain the higher costs (including heating fuel type, the prevalence of mobile homes, and exposure to cold temperatures). Low-income rural households tend to live in less energy efficient homes and spend more money per square foot on both heating and cooling.

Suggested Citation

  • Winikoff, Justin B. & Kamen, Hannah & Winkler, Richelle L., 2026. "Contributing Factors to Rural Energy Use, Costs, and Affordability in the Early 2020s," Economic Information Bulletin 413176, United States Department of Agriculture, Economic Research Service.
    • Handle: RePEc:ags:uersib:413176
    DOI: 10.22004/ag.econ.413176
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