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Input use, technology, and profitability: the case of falling U.S. soybean seeding rates in the twenty-first century

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  • Vaiknoras, Kate
  • Boline, Amy
  • Swearingen, Bryn

Abstract

Over the past two decades, soybean seeding rates have fallen in the United States. This has coincided with shifts in planting method, seed technologies, and seed costs, and could have implications for yields and profitability. This paper examines determinants of seeding rates and the impacts of seeding rates on seed costs, yields, and net returns. We find that the use of genetically engineered seed and conventional planters, as well as earlier planting dates, are all associated with reduced seeding rates. Reduced seeding rates lower seed costs by $1-$4 per 10,000 seed reduction, although they are not associated with yield or net returns in most years. By contrast, the technologies associated with reduced seeding rate, such as conventional planters, are strongly associated with increases in yield and returns.

Suggested Citation

  • Vaiknoras, Kate & Boline, Amy & Swearingen, Bryn, 2026. "Input use, technology, and profitability: the case of falling U.S. soybean seeding rates in the twenty-first century," 2026 Annual Meeting, July 26 - 28, 2026, Kansas City, Missouri 404699, Agricultural and Applied Economics Association.
    • Handle: RePEc:ags:aaea26:404699
    DOI: 10.22004/ag.econ.404699
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Che, Yuyuan & Hennessy, David A. & Feng, Hongli, . "Seeding Rate Responses to Markets, Resources, and Technologies," Journal of Agricultural and Resource Economics, Western Agricultural Economics Association, vol. 50(3).
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